diff --git a/.github/CODING_STANDARDS.md b/.github/CODING_STANDARDS.md
index 46c6bee..6cacda1 100644
--- a/.github/CODING_STANDARDS.md
+++ b/.github/CODING_STANDARDS.md
@@ -762,22 +762,335 @@ const [themeMode, setThemeMode, isInitialized] = useStorageState(
 
 ---
 
-## 11. 文件组织
+## 11. 页面开发规范
 
-### 11.1 页面组件结构
+### 11.1 目录结构（按复杂度分级）
+
+#### 简单页面（单一功能，无子模式）
+
+适用于 Timestamp、Jwt、TextStatistics、RightClickRestorer 等：
 
 ```
 src/pages/FeatureName/
-├── index.tsx              # 页面 UI（纯展示，使用 shadcn/ui 组件）
-├── useFeatureName.ts      # 业务逻辑 Hook（状态管理 + 转换逻辑）
-├── constants.ts           # 常量定义（可选）
-├── LiveClock.tsx          # 子组件（可选）
-├── ResultView.tsx         # 子组件（可选）
-└── __tests__/             # 测试文件
-    └── index.test.tsx
+├── index.tsx              # 页面入口组件（default export）
+├── useFeatureName.ts      # 业务逻辑 Hook（命名导出）
+├── constants.ts           # 常量定义（可选，命名导出）
+├── SubComponent.tsx       # 子组件（可选，default export）
+└── __tests__/
+    └── index.test.tsx     # 页面集成测试
 ```
 
-### 11.2 目录职责
+#### 中等页面（含多个子模式/标签页切换）
+
+适用于 Base64Converter、StorageCleaner 等：
+
+```
+src/pages/FeatureName/
+├── index.tsx              # 页面入口（模式路由 + 顶层布局）
+├── useFeatureName.ts      # 业务逻辑 Hook（命名导出）
+├── SubModeA.tsx           # 子模式组件
+├── SubModeB.tsx           # 子模式组件
+├── SubComponent.tsx       # 可复用子组件
+└── __tests__/
+    ├── index.test.tsx
+    └── SubModeA.test.tsx
+```
+
+#### 复杂页面（Context + 多组件协作）
+
+适用于 QrCode、JsonTools 等：
+
+```
+src/pages/FeatureName/
+├── index.tsx              # 页面入口（Provider + 布局）
+├── types.ts               # 页面专属类型定义
+├── constants.ts           # 常量（可选）
+├── contexts/              # React Context 定义
+│   └── FeatureContext.ts
+├── hooks/                 # 页面专属 Hooks
+│   └── useFeature.ts
+├── components/            # 页面专属子组件
+│   ├── PanelA.tsx
+│   └── PanelB.tsx
+└── __tests__/
+    ├── index.test.tsx
+    └── useFeature.test.ts
+```
+
+#### 特殊情况（单个文件即可）
+
+功能极简的页面（如 Dashboard），仅需 `index.tsx` 一个文件。当 `index.tsx` 超过 **150 行**时，应拆分为 UI + Hook 模式。
+
+---
+
+### 11.2 页面入口组件（`index.tsx`）规范
+
+#### 组件命名
+
+- 页面入口组件**统一使用 `Index` 作为函数名**，通过 `export default` 导出
+- 使用 `export default function Index()` 而非匿名默认导出
+- **禁止**混用 `XxxPage` 命名（当前 `RightClickRestorerPage`、`DashboardPage` 不合规范，应统一为 `Index`）
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 正确
+export default function Index() { ... }
+
+// ❌ 错误 — 命名不一致
+export default function RightClickRestorerPage() { ... }
+export default function DashboardPage() { ... }
+```
+
+#### 组件职责
+
+`index.tsx` 只负责三件事：
+
+1. **获取翻译函数**（`useI18n`）
+2. **调用业务 Hook** 获取状态和操作方法
+3. **渲染 UI 布局**（纯展示，无业务逻辑）
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 标准页面入口模板
+import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
+import { useFeatureName } from './useFeatureName';
+
+export default function Index() {
+  const { t } = useI18n('featureName');
+  const { state, actions } = useFeatureName();
+
+  return (
+    <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 select-none">
+      {/* 纯 UI 渲染 */}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+#### 禁止在 `index.tsx` 中编写的内容
+
+- ❌ `useState` / `useMemo` / `useCallback`（应放在 Hook 中）
+- ❌ 数据转换/格式化逻辑
+- ❌ 异步请求/副作用
+- ❌ 超过 3 行的条件判断逻辑
+
+---
+
+### 11.3 业务 Hook 规范（`useFeatureName.ts`）
+
+#### 命名
+
+- 文件名：`useXxx.ts`（驼峰命名）
+- Hook 函数名：`useXxx()`
+- 返回值接口：`UseXxxReturn`
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 标准 Hook 结构
+export interface UseTimestampConverterReturn {
+  mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts';
+  input: string;
+  result: string;
+  error: string;
+  setMode: (mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts') => void;
+  setInput: (value: string) => void;
+  handleUseNow: (now: number) => void;
+}
+
+export function useTimestampConverter(): UseTimestampConverterReturn {
+  // 所有业务逻辑在此
+}
+```
+
+#### Hook 内部结构（推荐顺序）
+
+```typescript
+export function useFeatureName(): UseFeatureNameReturn {
+  // 1. i18n
+  const { t } = useI18n('featureName');
+
+  // 2. 基础 state（useState）
+  const [mode, setMode] = useState<Mode>('default');
+  const [input, setInput] = useState('');
+
+  // 3. 持久化 state（useStorageState）
+  const [pageMode, setPageMode] = useStorageState('feature/pageMode', 'default', isValidMode);
+
+  // 4. 衍生数据（useMemo）— 响应式计算管线
+  const result = useMemo(() => {
+    // 自动计算，无需手动点击"转换"按钮
+  }, [input, mode]);
+
+  // 5. 事件处理（useCallback）
+  const handleAction = useCallback(() => { ... }, [deps]);
+
+  // 6. 副作用（useEffect）— 防抖、初始化、清理
+  useEffect(() => { ... }, [deps]);
+
+  // 7. 右键菜单数据（页面需要时）
+  useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'featureName', onData: handleContextMenuData });
+
+  // 8. 返回
+  return { mode, input, result, setMode, setInput, handleAction };
+}
+```
+
+#### 防抖模式
+
+当输入框需要防抖时，在 Hook 中实现：
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 防抖管道 — 在 useMemo 前定义
+const [input, setInput] = useState('');
+const [debouncedInput, setDebouncedInput] = useState('');
+
+useEffect(() => {
+  const handle = setTimeout(() => setDebouncedInput(input), 250);
+  return () => clearTimeout(handle);
+}, [input]);
+
+// 后续 useMemo 使用 debouncedInput 而非 input
+const result = useMemo(() => compute(debouncedInput), [debouncedInput]);
+```
+
+---
+
+### 11.4 常量文件规范（`constants.ts`）
+
+- 仅在常量超过 **3 个**或需要**导出类型**时创建
+- 使用 `as const` 确保字面量类型
+- 从 `as const` 数组派生联合类型
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 标准常量文件
+export const DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss';
+
+export const ZONES = ['Asia/Shanghai', 'America/New_York', 'Europe/London'] as const;
+
+export type UnitType = 'ms' | 's';
+export type ZoneType = (typeof ZONES)[number];
+```
+
+---
+
+### 11.5 子组件规范
+
+#### 何时拆分子组件
+
+- `index.tsx` 超过 **150 行**
+- 存在可复用的 UI 片段（如卡片、面板、结果展示区）
+- 需要 `React.memo` 优化的高频渲染区域
+
+#### 子组件 Props 模式
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 继承 HTML 属性 + 业务 Props
+interface ResultViewProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
+  result: string;
+  mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts';
+  showEmptyPlaceholder?: boolean;
+}
+
+// ✅ 使用 React.memo + displayName
+const ResultView = React.memo(
+  ({ result, mode, showEmptyPlaceholder = false, className, ...props }: ResultViewProps) => {
+    const { t } = useI18n('featureName');
+    // ...
+  },
+);
+ResultView.displayName = 'ResultView';
+export default ResultView;
+```
+
+#### 子组件内可以使用 Hook
+
+子组件可以独立调用 `useI18n`、`useSnackbar` 等全局 Hook，**不需要**通过 props 从父组件传递翻译函数或 toast 方法。
+
+---
+
+### 11.6 存储键命名规范
+
+页面使用的 Storage 键必须遵循 kebab-case 格式：`{功能名}/{用途}`。
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 正确
+'base64Converter/pageMode';
+'base64Converter/fileMode/direction';
+'jsonTools/pageMode';
+'qrCode/urlExpanded';
+
+// ❌ 错误
+'base64ConverterPageMode';
+'json_tools_page_mode';
+```
+
+在 `types/storage.d.ts` 的 `StorageSchema` 中声明所有键。
+
+---
+
+### 11.7 模式切换通用模式
+
+当页面有多个子模式（标签页切换），统一使用以下模式：
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ 标准模式切换
+const VALID_MODES = ['modeA', 'modeB'] as const;
+type PageMode = (typeof VALID_MODES)[number];
+
+const isValidMode = (val: unknown): val is PageMode =>
+  typeof val === 'string' && (VALID_MODES as readonly string[]).includes(val);
+
+export default function Index() {
+  const { t } = useI18n('featureName');
+  const [pageMode, setPageMode] = useStorageState('feature/pageMode', 'modeA', isValidMode);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 select-none">
+      <SwitchButtonGroup
+        value={pageMode}
+        options={[
+          { value: 'modeA', label: t('feature:modeA') },
+          { value: 'modeB', label: t('feature:modeB') },
+        ]}
+        onChange={(v: PageMode) => setPageMode(v)}
+        size="small"
+      />
+      {pageMode === 'modeA' ? <PanelA /> : <PanelB />}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+### 11.8 页面布局约定
+
+- 所有页面根元素使用统一的外层容器：
+  ```
+  <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 select-none">
+  ```
+- 不需要 `<div className="min-h-screen bg-background ...">` — 该样式已由 `AppRoot` 提供
+- 不需要 `min-h-[500px]` 或固定高度（除非确有必要）
+- 卡片容器：`rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm`
+- 使用 `space-y-4` 管理纵向间距，不要手动 `mb-4`
+
+---
+
+### 11.9 页面开发检查清单
+
+新增功能页面时，逐项确认：
+
+1. ✅ 在 `types/storage.d.ts` 添加 `PageType` 联合类型
+2. ✅ 在 `config/features.tsx` 注册 `FEATURES` 配置（key、labelKey、icon、三种渲染模式组件）
+3. ✅ 创建页面目录，使用 `Index` 作为组件名
+4. ✅ 业务逻辑提取到 `useXxx.ts` Hook（index.tsx 不超过 150 行）
+5. ✅ 需要持久化的 UI 状态使用 `useStorageState`
+6. ✅ 常量 ≥3 个时提取到 `constants.ts`
+7. ✅ 在 `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/` 添加翻译
+8. ✅ 创建 `__tests__/index.test.tsx` 测试文件
+9. ✅ 如需新权限，更新 `wxt.config.ts` 的 `manifest.permissions`
+10. ✅ 运行 `npm run lint && npm run typecheck && npm run test` 全部通过
+
+---
+
+### 11.10 目录职责总览
 
 | 目录                 | 职责                                                         |
 | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
diff --git a/.github/copilot-instructions.md b/.github/copilot-instructions.md
index 4fbef56..ad75f01 100644
--- a/.github/copilot-instructions.md
+++ b/.github/copilot-instructions.md
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Router 同时使用 `chrome.storage.local` 持久化和 `localStorage` 快照来
 
 ### 页面组件模式
 
-功能页面遵循 **UI + Hook 分离** 模式：
+功能页面遵循 **UI + Hook 分离** 模式，详见 [CODING_STANDARDS.md § 11](./CODING_STANDARDS.md#11-页面开发规范)：
 
 ```
 pages/FeatureName/
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pages/FeatureName/
 └── constants.ts           # 常量定义（可选）
 ```
 
-- 页面组件调用 `useLazyTranslation('featureName')` 获取翻译函数
+- 页面组件调用 `useI18n('featureName')` 获取翻译函数
 - Hook 负责所有状态管理，通过返回值暴露给页面
 - 子组件可进一步拆分（如 `LiveClock.tsx`、`ResultView.tsx`）
 
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index d22059f..c5eb473 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -31,3 +31,4 @@ stats-*.json
 dev/*
 
 docs/*
+!docs/VISUAL_STYLE_GUIDE.md
diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 82efa64..34bd6ef 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -59,18 +59,22 @@ public/                # 静态资源（图标、_locales 等）
 
 ### 页面组件模式
 
-典型功能页面遵循 **UI + Hook 分离** 模式：
+典型功能页面遵循 **UI + Hook 分离** 模式。详见 [CODING_STANDARDS.md § 11](./.github/CODING_STANDARDS.md#11-页面开发规范)。
 
 ```
 src/pages/FeatureName/
-├── index.tsx              # 页面 UI（纯展示，使用 shadcn/ui 组件）
+├── index.tsx              # 页面 UI（纯展示，仅负责渲染布局）
 ├── useFeatureName.ts      # 业务逻辑 Hook（状态管理 + 转换逻辑）
-└── constants.ts           # 常量定义
+├── constants.ts           # 常量定义（可选，≥3 个常量时创建）
+└── __tests__/
+    └── index.test.tsx
 ```
 
-- 页面组件调用 `useLazyTranslation('featureName')` 获取翻译函数
+- 页面入口组件统一命名为 `Index`，通过 `export default function Index()` 导出
 - Hook 负责所有状态管理和业务逻辑，通过返回值暴露给页面
-- 子组件可进一步拆分（如 `LiveClock.tsx`、`ResultView.tsx`）
+- 子组件可以独立调用 `useI18n` 等全局 Hook
+- 当 `index.tsx` 超过 150 行时，必须拆分为 UI + Hook 模式
+- 复杂页面可增加 `contexts/`、`hooks/`、`components/` 子目录
 
 ## 关键架构决策
 
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@ src/pages/FeatureName/
 
 **浏览器兼容**: 优先使用 `wxt/browser` 导出的 `browser` 对象，而非原生 `chrome` API。
 
-**代码分割**: `wxt.config.ts` 通过 `manualChunksForHtmlOnly()` 自动分组依赖（vendor-react、vendor-i18n、vendor-qr 等），无需手动配置。
+**代码分割**: `wxt.config.ts` 通过 `manualChunksForHtmlOnly()` 自动分组依赖（vendor-react、vendor-qr、vendor-dnd 等），无需手动配置。
 
 ## 测试环境
 
@@ -96,35 +100,37 @@ src/pages/FeatureName/
 - 全局变量: `vitest/globals` (describe, it, expect 等无需导入)
 - Setup 文件: `vitest.setup.ts` 自动 mock:
   - `chrome.*` / `browser.*` API (storage, tabs, runtime, cookies 等)
-  - `react-i18next` (返回 key 作为翻译)
-  - `@/utils/useLazyTranslation` (返回 `ns:key` 格式翻译)
+  - `@/utils/chromeI18n` (从 `public/_locales/zh/messages.json` 加载真实翻译)
   - `window.matchMedia`
 - 测试文件命名: `__tests__/*.test.{ts,tsx}` 或 `*.test.{ts,tsx}`
 - Mock 模式: 使用 `vi.mock()` 进行模块级 mock，避免在测试文件中重复 mock 代码
 - 测试工具: `@testing-library/react` + `@testing-library/user-event` 进行组件测试
 
-## i18n
+## i18n (chrome.i18n)
 
-- 命名空间: `common` (默认), `features`
-- 翻译键格式: `namespace:key` (如 `features:timestamp.title`)
-- 语言: `zh` (默认), `en`
-- 翻译文件结构:
-  - `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/common.json` - 全局通用翻译
-  - `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/features.json` - 功能模块标题和描述
-  - `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/{功能名}.json` - 各功能独立翻译（如 timestamp.json, storageCleaner.json 等）
-- 添加新翻译: 编辑 `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/{common,features}.json` 及对应功能独立 JSON
-- 使用 `useLazyTranslation` hook 加载功能独立翻译，返回 `ns:key` 格式
-- 回退策略: 当翻译 key 在目标语言缺失时，回退到默认语言 `zh`；若默认语言也缺失，返回占位格式 `namespace:key` 并在开发模式下记录 warning
+项目使用 Chrome 扩展标准的 `chrome.i18n` API 进行本地化，通过 `src/utils/chromeI18n.ts` 提供类型安全的 React Hook 包装。
+
+- **翻译文件**: `public/_locales/{zh,en}/messages.json`（Chrome 扩展标准格式）
+- **默认语言**: `zh`（在 `wxt.config.ts` 的 `manifest.default_locale` 中配置）
+- **使用方式**: `import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n'`
+- **翻译键格式**:
+  - 直接 key: `t('dashboard_title')` → 查找 `dashboard_title`
+  - 命名空间格式（兼容旧用法）: `t('common:buttons.search')` → 查找 `common_buttons_search`
+  - 带命名空间参数: `useI18n(['common', 'features'])`，会自动尝试 `common_key`、`features_key`
+- **占位符支持**: `t('router_notFoundDescription', { entryPointType: 'popup' })`
+- **Hook 返回值**: `{ t, i18n: { language, changeLanguage }, isLoaded }`
+- **回退策略**: 当翻译 key 未命中时，返回 key 本身（开发模式下在控制台记录 warning）
+- **限制**: `chrome.i18n` 无法动态切换语言，语言跟随浏览器设置，切换后需刷新页面
 
 ## 新功能开发清单
 
 1. 在 `src/types/storage.d.ts` 添加 `PageType` 联合类型
 2. 在 `src/config/features.tsx` 的 `FEATURES` 数组添加配置（指定 key、翻译键、图标、三种渲染模式的组件）
 3. 在 `src/pages/` 创建页面组件 (懒加载)：
-   - `index.tsx` — UI 组件，使用 `useLazyTranslation` 获取翻译
+   - `index.tsx` — UI 组件，使用 `useI18n` 获取翻译
    - `useFeatureName.ts` — 业务逻辑 Hook
    - `constants.ts` — 常量（可选）
-4. 在 `i18n/locales/{zh,en}/features.json` 添加翻译（复杂功能可新建独立 JSON）
+4. 在 `public/_locales/zh/messages.json`（及 `en/messages.json`）添加翻译
 5. 如需新权限，更新 `wxt.config.ts` 的 `manifest.permissions`
 6. 添加对应的单元测试
 
diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39c76db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+@AGENT.md
diff --git a/docs/VISUAL_STYLE_GUIDE.md b/docs/VISUAL_STYLE_GUIDE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ceb8169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/VISUAL_STYLE_GUIDE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,871 @@
+# Testing Tools — 视觉规范文档
+
+> **版本**: 1.0.0  
+> **日期**: 2026-05-29  
+> **适用范围**: 所有新页面、新组件、UI 修改  
+> **设计系统**: 基于 [shadcn/ui](https://ui.shadcn.com/) + Tailwind CSS
+
+---
+
+## 目录
+
+1. [设计原则](#1-设计原则)
+2. [色彩系统](#2-色彩系统)
+3. [排版规范](#3-排版规范)
+4. [间距与布局](#4-间距与布局)
+5. [圆角与阴影](#5-圆角与阴影)
+6. [组件规范](#6-组件规范)
+7. [交互与动效](#7-交互与动效)
+8. [暗色模式](#8-暗色模式)
+9. [工具色彩标识](#9-工具色彩标识)
+10. [代码规范](#10-代码规范)
+11. [反模式清单](#11-反模式清单)
+
+---
+
+## 1. 设计原则
+
+### 1.1 核心定位
+
+Testing Tools 是一款**浏览器扩展开发者工具集**，视觉风格遵循：
+
+- **专业克制** — 低饱和度色彩，避免视觉噪音
+- **信息密度优先** — 紧凑布局，在 400×600px 的 popup 空间内高效展示
+- **开发者友好** — 等宽字体用于代码/数据，清晰的信息层级
+- **一致性至上** — 所有页面、组件遵循同一套视觉语言
+
+### 1.2 设计关键词
+
+```
+简洁 · 现代 · 功能导向 · 低对比度 · 微圆角 · 微妙阴影
+```
+
+### 1.3 与 shadcn/ui 的关系
+
+本项目以 shadcn/ui 为底座，所有基础组件（Button、Input、Select 等）均来自或对齐 shadcn/ui 的默认样式。业务组件在此基础上扩展，**不得破坏底层设计语言的统一性**。
+
+---
+
+## 2. 色彩系统
+
+### 2.1 CSS 变量定义
+
+所有色彩通过 CSS 自定义属性（HSL 格式）管理，定义于 `src/index.css`：
+
+#### 亮色模式 (`:root`)
+
+| 变量名                     | HSL 值              | 用途          | 近似色    |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------- | --------- |
+| `--background`             | `0 0% 100%`         | 页面背景      | `#ffffff` |
+| `--foreground`             | `222.2 84% 4.9%`    | 主文字        | `#020617` |
+| `--card`                   | `0 0% 100%`         | 卡片背景      | `#ffffff` |
+| `--card-foreground`        | `222.2 84% 4.9%`    | 卡片文字      | `#020617` |
+| `--popover`                | `0 0% 100%`         | 浮层背景      | `#ffffff` |
+| `--popover-foreground`     | `222.2 84% 4.9%`    | 浮层文字      | `#020617` |
+| `--primary`                | `222.2 47.4% 11.2%` | 主按钮/强调   | `#0f172a` |
+| `--primary-foreground`     | `210 40% 98%`       | 主按钮文字    | `#f8fafc` |
+| `--secondary`              | `210 40% 96.1%`     | 次级背景      | `#f1f5f9` |
+| `--secondary-foreground`   | `222.2 47.4% 11.2%` | 次级文字      | `#0f172a` |
+| `--muted`                  | `210 40% 96.1%`     | 静音/禁用背景 | `#f1f5f9` |
+| `--muted-foreground`       | `215.4 16.3% 46.9%` | 次要文字      | `#64748b` |
+| `--accent`                 | `210 40% 96.1%`     | 悬停高亮      | `#f1f5f9` |
+| `--accent-foreground`      | `222.2 47.4% 11.2%` | 悬停文字      | `#0f172a` |
+| `--destructive`            | `0 84.2% 60.2%`     | 错误/删除     | `#ef4444` |
+| `--destructive-foreground` | `210 40% 98%`       | 错误文字      | `#f8fafc` |
+| `--border`                 | `214.3 31.8% 91.4%` | 边框          | `#e2e8f0` |
+| `--input`                  | `214.3 31.8% 91.4%` | 输入框边框    | `#e2e8f0` |
+| `--ring`                   | `222.2 84% 4.9%`    | 焦点环        | `#020617` |
+| `--radius`                 | `0.5rem`            | 全局圆角      | `8px`     |
+
+#### 暗色模式 (`.dark`)
+
+暗色模式下所有变量自动反转，保持对比度关系：
+
+| 变量名                 | HSL 值              | 近似色    |
+| ---------------------- | ------------------- | --------- |
+| `--background`         | `222.2 84% 4.9%`    | `#020617` |
+| `--foreground`         | `210 40% 98%`       | `#f8fafc` |
+| `--primary`            | `210 40% 98%`       | `#f8fafc` |
+| `--primary-foreground` | `222.2 47.4% 11.2%` | `#0f172a` |
+| `--secondary`          | `217.2 32.6% 17.5%` | `#1e293b` |
+| `--muted`              | `217.2 32.6% 17.5%` | `#1e293b` |
+| `--border`             | `217.2 32.6% 17.5%` | `#1e293b` |
+
+### 2.2 使用规范
+
+```tsx
+// ✅ 正确：使用 CSS 变量
+<div className="bg-background text-foreground border-border">
+
+// ✅ 正确：使用语义化色彩名
+<Button className="bg-primary text-primary-foreground">
+<span className="text-muted-foreground">
+
+// ❌ 错误：硬编码颜色值
+<div className="bg-white text-black">
+<div className="bg-[#f1f5f9]">
+```
+
+### 2.3 语义化色彩使用场景
+
+| 色彩                       | 场景                             |
+| -------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| `background`               | 页面根背景                       |
+| `foreground`               | 主标题、正文                     |
+| `muted-foreground`         | 描述文字、占位符、次级标签       |
+| `border`                   | 卡片边框、分割线、输入框边框     |
+| `card` + `card-foreground` | 卡片容器及其内容                 |
+| `primary`                  | 主按钮、选中状态、关键操作       |
+| `secondary`                | 次级按钮、工具栏背景、标签页背景 |
+| `destructive`              | 错误提示、删除操作、验证失败     |
+| `accent`                   | 悬停背景、下拉选中项             |
+
+---
+
+## 3. 排版规范
+
+### 3.1 字体栈
+
+项目使用系统默认字体栈（Tailwind 默认），**不引入自定义字体**。
+
+```css
+/* Tailwind 默认 sans-serif */
+font-family:
+  ui-sans-serif,
+  system-ui,
+  -apple-system,
+  BlinkMacSystemFont,
+  'Segoe UI',
+  Roboto,
+  'Helvetica Neue',
+  Arial,
+  sans-serif;
+
+/* 等宽字体用于代码/数据 */
+font-family:
+  ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', 'Courier New', monospace;
+```
+
+### 3.2 字号层级
+
+| 层级      | 类名                                             | 大小 | 字重    | 用途                   |
+| --------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---- | ------- | ---------------------- |
+| 页面标题  | `text-base font-bold`                            | 16px | 700     | 页面主标题（极少使用） |
+| 卡片标题  | `text-sm font-bold tracking-tight`               | 14px | 700     | 卡片/区块标题          |
+| 正文      | `text-sm`                                        | 14px | 400     | 普通正文               |
+| 次级文字  | `text-xs`                                        | 12px | 400/500 | 描述、标签             |
+| 微标签    | `text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider` | 10px | 700     | 区域标签、分类标题     |
+| 数据/代码 | `font-mono text-sm`                              | 14px | 400     | 时间戳、JSON、代码     |
+
+### 3.3 排版模式
+
+```tsx
+// 区域标签（Section Label）— 最常用
+<span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-muted-foreground/90 uppercase tracking-wider">
+  输出结果
+</span>
+
+// 卡片标题
+<h4 className="font-bold text-sm tracking-tight text-foreground leading-snug">
+  标题文字
+</h4>
+
+// 描述文字
+<p className="text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/90 leading-normal">
+  描述内容
+</p>
+
+// 数据展示
+<span className="font-mono font-bold text-foreground text-sm tracking-tight tabular-nums">
+  1716950400000
+</span>
+```
+
+### 3.4 行高与字间距
+
+| 属性              | 值       | 场景               |
+| ----------------- | -------- | ------------------ |
+| `leading-none`    | 1        | 单行数据、紧凑布局 |
+| `leading-snug`    | 1.375    | 标题、短文本       |
+| `leading-relaxed` | 1.625    | 长文本、代码块     |
+| `tracking-tight`  | -0.025em | 标题、数据         |
+| `tracking-wider`  | 0.05em   | 大写标签           |
+
+---
+
+## 4. 间距与布局
+
+### 4.1 容器尺寸
+
+```tsx
+// Popup 模式（默认）
+<div className="w-[400px] max-w-[400px] min-w-[400px] h-[600px] min-h-[600px]">
+
+// Tab 模式（全屏自适应）
+<div className="sm:w-screen sm:max-w-none sm:min-w-0 sm:h-screen sm:min-h-0">
+```
+
+### 4.2 间距节奏
+
+| Token           | 值          | 使用场景           |
+| --------------- | ----------- | ------------------ |
+| `p-3` / `p-3.5` | 12px / 14px | 页面内边距（紧凑） |
+| `p-4`           | 16px        | 标准页面内边距     |
+| `p-5`           | 20px        | 卡片内部填充       |
+| `gap-2`         | 8px         | 紧凑元素间距       |
+| `gap-3`         | 12px        | 标准元素间距       |
+| `gap-4`         | 16px        | 区块间距           |
+| `gap-6`         | 24px        | 大区块间距         |
+
+### 4.3 布局模式
+
+#### 页面布局
+
+```tsx
+// 标准页面结构
+<div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 min-h-[500px] select-none">{/* 页面内容 */}</div>
+```
+
+#### 卡片布局
+
+```tsx
+// 标准卡片
+<div className="p-5 rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm">
+  {/* 卡片内容 */}
+</div>
+
+// 可聚焦卡片（含焦点环）
+<div className="border border-border rounded-xl bg-card ... focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-ring focus-within:border-ring">
+```
+
+#### 双栏网格
+
+```tsx
+// 响应式双栏
+<div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 items-stretch">
+```
+
+#### 工具卡片网格（Dashboard）
+
+```tsx
+// Dashboard 紧凑网格
+<div className="grid grid-cols-3 sm:grid-cols-4 md:grid-cols-5 lg:grid-cols-6 gap-2">
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5. 圆角与阴影
+
+### 5.1 圆角体系
+
+| Token          | 值     | 使用元素               |
+| -------------- | ------ | ---------------------- |
+| `rounded-sm`   | 2px    | Checkbox、小标签       |
+| `rounded-md`   | 6px    | 按钮、输入框、Select   |
+| `rounded-lg`   | 8px    | 搜索框、小卡片         |
+| `rounded-xl`   | 12px   | 大卡片、面板、图标容器 |
+| `rounded-full` | 9999px | 标签、Avatar           |
+
+### 5.2 阴影体系
+
+| 级别 | 类名                  | 用途                   |
+| ---- | --------------------- | ---------------------- |
+| 无   | —                     | 静态元素               |
+| 低   | `shadow-sm`           | 卡片、输入框、按钮     |
+| 中   | `shadow-lg`           | 下拉菜单、浮层、Dialog |
+| 动态 | 自定义 `shadow-[...]` | 卡片悬停时的彩色阴影   |
+
+### 5.3 彩色阴影规范（工具卡片专用）
+
+```tsx
+// 工具卡片悬停阴影 — 必须使用 rgba 格式配合 CSS 变量
+className="hover:shadow-[0_8px_24px_-8px_rgba(var(--tool-color),0.14)]
+           dark:hover:shadow-[0_8px_30px_-10px_rgba(var(--tool-color),0.25)]"
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6. 组件规范
+
+### 6.1 Button
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/button.tsx`
+
+#### 变体
+
+| 变体          | 类名                                         | 场景               |
+| ------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------ |
+| `default`     | `bg-primary text-primary-foreground`         | 主操作             |
+| `destructive` | `bg-destructive text-destructive-foreground` | 删除、危险操作     |
+| `outline`     | `border border-input bg-background`          | 次级操作、取消     |
+| `secondary`   | `bg-secondary text-secondary-foreground`     | 次要操作           |
+| `ghost`       | 仅悬停背景                                   | 图标按钮、低优先级 |
+| `link`        | 下划线文字                                   | 跳转链接           |
+
+#### 尺寸
+
+| 尺寸      | 高度    | 内边距      | 场景     |
+| --------- | ------- | ----------- | -------- |
+| `default` | 40px    | `px-4 py-2` | 标准按钮 |
+| `sm`      | 36px    | `px-3`      | 紧凑按钮 |
+| `lg`      | 44px    | `px-8`      | 突出按钮 |
+| `icon`    | 40×40px | —           | 图标按钮 |
+
+#### 使用示例
+
+```tsx
+// 主操作
+<Button>确认</Button>
+
+// 图标按钮
+<Button variant="ghost" size="icon">
+  <Copy className="h-4 w-4" />
+</Button>
+
+// 危险操作
+<Button variant="destructive" size="sm">删除</Button>
+```
+
+### 6.2 Input
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/input.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 标准输入框
+<Input
+  className="font-mono font-semibold h-10 shadow-sm placeholder:text-muted-foreground/60 focus:bg-background"
+/>
+
+// 错误状态
+<Input
+  className="border-destructive focus-visible:ring-destructive"
+/>
+```
+
+**规范要点**：
+
+- 高度统一为 `h-10`（40px）
+- 等宽字体用于数据输入
+- 占位符使用 `text-muted-foreground/60`
+- 错误时边框变红并调整焦点环
+
+### 6.3 SwitchButtonGroup
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/switch.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 分段控制器
+<SwitchButtonGroup
+  value={mode}
+  options={[
+    { value: 'ts2dt', label: '转日期' },
+    { value: 'dt2ts', label: '转时间戳' },
+  ]}
+  onChange={setMode}
+  size="small"
+/>
+```
+
+**规范要点**：
+
+- 容器：`rounded-lg bg-muted p-1`
+- 选中项：`bg-background text-foreground shadow-sm font-semibold`
+- 未选中项：`hover:bg-background/50 hover:text-foreground/80`
+- 尺寸：`small`（32px）用于工具页，`medium`（36px）标准
+
+### 6.4 Card（工具卡片）
+
+来源：`src/pages/Dashboard/ToolCard.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 标准工具卡片结构
+<div className="group relative rounded-xl border border-border/70 bg-card p-4 h-auto flex flex-col gap-3 shadow-sm">
+  {/* 上半部分：图标 + 标题 + 箭头 */}
+  <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+    <div className="flex gap-3 items-center">
+      {/* 图标容器 */}
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-center w-10 h-10 rounded-xl bg-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.08)] text-[rgb(var(--tool-color))]">
+        <Icon className="h-5 w-5" />
+      </div>
+      {/* 文字 */}
+      <div>
+        <h4 className="font-bold text-sm">标题</h4>
+        <p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/90">描述</p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <ChevronRight className="h-4 w-4" />
+  </div>
+  {/* 下半部分：预览区（可选） */}
+  <div className="mt-1 pt-3 border-t border-dashed border-border/80">{snapshot}</div>
+</div>
+```
+
+### 6.5 TextInputArea
+
+来源：`src/components/TextInputArea.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 多行文本输入区
+<TextInputArea
+  value={input}
+  onChange={setInput}
+  placeholder="输入内容..."
+  showCount={true}
+  showClear={true}
+  allowCopy={true}
+  minRows={6}
+  maxRows={12}
+/>
+```
+
+**规范要点**：
+
+- 外容器：`rounded-md border border-input bg-background shadow-sm`
+- 焦点状态：`focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-ring`
+- 错误状态：`border-destructive focus-within:ring-destructive`
+- 底部工具栏：`h-10 bg-muted/30 border-t border-border/50`
+- 字体：`font-mono text-sm`
+
+### 6.6 Dialog
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/dialog.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 对话框内容
+<DialogContent className="sm:rounded-lg">
+  <DialogHeader>
+    <DialogTitle>标题</DialogTitle>
+    <DialogDescription>描述文字</DialogDescription>
+  </DialogHeader>
+  {/* 内容 */}
+  <DialogFooter>
+    <Button variant="outline">取消</Button>
+    <Button>确认</Button>
+  </DialogFooter>
+</DialogContent>
+```
+
+### 6.7 Select
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/select.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+<Select>
+  <SelectTrigger className="h-9 shadow-sm bg-background">
+    <SelectValue />
+  </SelectTrigger>
+  <SelectContent className="max-h-64">
+    <SelectItem className="text-xs font-semibold focus:bg-accent cursor-pointer">选项</SelectItem>
+  </SelectContent>
+</Select>
+```
+
+### 6.8 Checkbox
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/checkbox.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 标准复选框
+<Checkbox className="h-4 w-4 rounded-sm border-primary data-[state=checked]:bg-primary" />
+
+// 小型复选框（工具栏内）
+<Checkbox className="h-3.5 w-3.5 rounded border-input data-[state=checked]:bg-primary shadow-sm" />
+```
+
+### 6.9 Badge
+
+来源：`src/components/ui/badge.tsx`
+
+| 变体          | 场景               |
+| ------------- | ------------------ |
+| `default`     | 状态标签、分类     |
+| `secondary`   | 次要标签           |
+| `destructive` | 错误标签           |
+| `outline`     | 可点击标签、筛选器 |
+
+### 6.10 CopyButton
+
+来源：`src/components/CopyButton.tsx`
+
+```tsx
+// 标准复制按钮
+<CopyButton text={content} />
+
+// 小型复制按钮
+<CopyButton text={content} size="sm" className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md border" />
+```
+
+**规范要点**：
+
+- 默认 `variant="ghost" size="icon"`
+- 复制成功后变为绿色背景 + 对勾图标
+- 使用 `sonner` toast 提示复制结果
+
+---
+
+## 7. 交互与动效
+
+### 7.1 过渡规范
+
+| 属性                | 值         | 场景                          |
+| ------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- |
+| `transition-colors` | 150ms ease | 色彩变化（悬停、焦点）        |
+| `transition-all`    | 150ms ease | 综合变化（SwitchButtonGroup） |
+| `duration-200`      | 200ms      | 复制按钮状态切换              |
+
+### 7.2 焦点状态
+
+所有可交互元素必须有可见的焦点指示器：
+
+```tsx
+// 标准焦点环
+focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2
+
+// 紧凑焦点环（图标按钮）
+focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-1 focus-visible:ring-ring
+
+// 输入框焦点
+focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2
+```
+
+### 7.3 悬停状态
+
+```tsx
+// 按钮悬停
+hover:bg-accent hover:text-accent-foreground
+
+// 卡片悬停
+hover:bg-muted/30 hover:border-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.45)]
+
+// 链接/文字悬停
+hover:text-foreground hover:underline
+```
+
+### 7.4 动画规范
+
+使用 `tailwindcss-animate` 提供的动画：
+
+```tsx
+// 淡入
+animate-in fade-in duration-150
+
+// 淡入 + 缩放（SwitchButtonGroup 选中项）
+animate-in fade-in-50 zoom-in-95 duration-150
+
+// 从顶部滑入（下拉菜单）
+animate-in fade-in slide-in-from-top-2 duration-150
+
+// 错误提示出现
+animate-in fade-in slide-in-from-top-1 duration-150
+
+// 骨架屏脉冲
+animate-pulse
+```
+
+### 7.5 禁用状态
+
+```tsx
+// 统一禁用样式
+disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50
+```
+
+---
+
+## 8. 暗色模式
+
+### 8.1 实现方式
+
+通过 `darkMode: 'class'`（Tailwind 配置）+ `.dark` 类切换：
+
+```tsx
+// ThemeModeProvider 自动处理
+document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', resolvedMode === 'dark');
+```
+
+### 8.2 暗色模式下的特殊处理
+
+```tsx
+// 彩色阴影增强（暗色模式下阴影需要更高透明度）
+shadow-[0_8px_24px_-8px_rgba(var(--tool-color),0.14)]
+dark:shadow-[0_8px_30px_-10px_rgba(var(--tool-color),0.25)]
+
+// 图标容器背景增强
+bg-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.08)]
+dark:bg-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.12)]
+
+// 成功状态文字调整
+text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400
+```
+
+### 8.3 暗色模式色彩映射原则
+
+| 亮色             | 暗色             | 说明                            |
+| ---------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------- |
+| 纯白背景         | 深蓝黑背景       | 避免纯黑 `#000`，使用 `#020617` |
+| 浅灰背景         | 深灰背景         | 保持层次关系                    |
+| 深文字           | 浅文字           | 反转对比度                      |
+| 彩色阴影低透明度 | 彩色阴影高透明度 | 暗色需要更强视觉反馈            |
+
+---
+
+## 9. 工具色彩标识
+
+### 9.1 色板定义
+
+每个工具分配一个主题色，定义于 `src/config/features.tsx`：
+
+```ts
+const PALETTE_COLORS: Record<PaletteColorKey, string> = {
+  primary: '13, 148, 136', // teal (#0d9488)
+  success: '22, 163, 74', // green (#16a34a)
+  warning: '217, 119, 6', // amber (#d97706)
+  error: '220, 38, 38', // red (#dc2626)
+  secondary: '147, 51, 232', // purple (#9333e8)
+  info: '37, 99, 235', // blue (#2563eb)
+};
+```
+
+### 9.2 工具色彩分配
+
+| 工具        | 色彩键      | 色值   |
+| ----------- | ----------- | ------ |
+| 时间戳转换  | `primary`   | Teal   |
+| 存储清理    | `warning`   | Amber  |
+| 二维码工具  | `success`   | Green  |
+| 文本统计    | `secondary` | Purple |
+| JWT 解析    | `info`      | Blue   |
+| JSON 对比   | `primary`   | Teal   |
+| Base64 转换 | `info`      | Blue   |
+| 右键还原    | `success`   | Green  |
+
+### 9.3 工具色彩使用规范
+
+```tsx
+// 1. 通过 style 注入 CSS 变量
+<div style={{ ['--tool-color' as string]: rgbValues }}>
+
+// 2. 图标容器背景（低透明度）
+bg-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.08)]
+dark:bg-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.12)]
+
+// 3. 图标颜色
+ text-[rgb(var(--tool-color))]
+
+// 4. 悬停边框
+hover:border-[rgba(var(--tool-color),0.45)]
+
+// 5. 悬停阴影
+hover:shadow-[0_8px_24px_-8px_rgba(var(--tool-color),0.14)]
+
+// 6. 箭头悬停色
+group-hover:text-[rgb(var(--tool-color))]
+```
+
+**注意**：工具色彩仅用于**标识和装饰**，不得用于功能性色彩（如成功/错误状态）。
+
+---
+
+## 10. 代码规范
+
+### 10.1 Tailwind 类名组织顺序
+
+使用 `cn()` 工具函数（`clsx` + `tailwind-merge`）组合类名，按以下顺序排列：
+
+```tsx
+className={cn(
+  // 1. 布局（display, position, flex, grid）
+  'flex items-center justify-between',
+  // 2. 尺寸（width, height, padding, margin）
+  'w-full h-10 px-4',
+  // 3. 外观（background, border, shadow, rounded）
+  'rounded-md border border-input bg-background shadow-sm',
+  // 4. 文字（color, font, text-align）
+  'text-sm font-medium text-foreground',
+  // 5. 交互（hover, focus, disabled, cursor）
+  'hover:bg-accent focus-visible:ring-2 disabled:opacity-50',
+  // 6. 动画（transition, animate）
+  'transition-colors duration-150',
+  // 7. 条件类
+  isActive && 'bg-primary text-primary-foreground',
+  // 8. 外部传入
+  className,
+)}
+```
+
+### 10.2 颜色使用检查清单
+
+- [ ] 所有颜色使用 CSS 变量（`bg-background` 而非 `bg-white`）
+- [ ] 边框使用 `border-border` 及其透明度变体
+- [ ] 文字层级使用 `foreground` → `muted-foreground` → `muted-foreground/60`
+- [ ] 错误状态使用 `destructive` 系列
+- [ ] 工具色彩仅用于装饰性元素
+
+### 10.3 组件文件组织
+
+```
+src/
+├── components/ui/          # shadcn 基础组件（只读，不修改）
+├── components/             # 业务组件
+│   ├── CopyButton.tsx
+│   ├── SwitchButtonGroup.tsx
+│   ├── TextInputArea.tsx
+│   └── ...
+├── pages/                  # 页面组件
+│   ├── <ToolName>/
+│   │   ├── index.tsx       # 页面入口
+│   │   ├── use<ToolName>.ts # 业务逻辑 Hook
+│   │   └── components/     # 页面私有组件
+│   └── ...
+└── providers/              # Context Providers
+```
+
+### 10.4 新增页面模板
+
+```tsx
+// src/pages/NewTool/index.tsx
+import SwitchButtonGroup from '@/components/SwitchButtonGroup';
+import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
+import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+
+export default function Index() {
+  const { t } = useI18n('newTool');
+
+  return (
+    <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 min-h-[500px] select-none">
+      {/* 页面内容 */}
+      <div className="p-5 rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm">
+        <h4 className="font-bold text-sm tracking-tight">{t('newTool:title')}</h4>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## 11. 反模式清单
+
+以下模式**禁止**在项目中使用：
+
+### 11.1 色彩反模式
+
+```tsx
+// ❌ 硬编码颜色
+<div className="bg-white text-black">
+<div className="bg-gray-100">
+<div className="text-gray-500">
+
+// ❌ 使用非语义化 Tailwind 颜色
+<div className="bg-slate-50">
+<div className="text-zinc-400">
+
+// ✅ 使用 CSS 变量
+<div className="bg-background text-foreground">
+<div className="bg-muted text-muted-foreground">
+```
+
+### 11.2 布局反模式
+
+```tsx
+// ❌ 固定高度导致内容截断
+<div className="h-[200px]">
+
+// ✅ 使用 min-height 或自适应
+<div className="min-h-[200px]">
+<div className="h-auto">
+
+// ❌ 使用 margin 做组件间距
+<div className="mb-4">
+
+// ✅ 使用 gap
+<div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
+```
+
+### 11.3 组件反模式
+
+```tsx
+// ❌ 修改 shadcn/ui 基础组件样式
+// 如需修改，通过 className 覆盖或创建包装组件
+
+// ❌ 内联样式用于颜色（工具色彩除外）
+<div style={{ backgroundColor: '#f1f5f9' }}>
+
+// ❌ 混合使用不同圆角体系
+<Button className="rounded-lg">  // Button 应为 rounded-md
+
+// ❌ 忽略焦点状态
+<button className="...">  // 缺少 focus-visible 样式
+```
+
+### 11.4 暗色模式反模式
+
+```tsx
+// ❌ 仅适配部分元素
+<div className="bg-white text-black dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-white">
+
+// ✅ 使用 CSS 变量自动适配
+<div className="bg-background text-foreground">
+
+// ❌ 暗色模式下使用不合适的透明度
+<div className="bg-black/5 dark:bg-white/5">  // 对比度不足
+
+// ✅ 使用语义化变量
+<div className="bg-muted">
+```
+
+---
+
+## 12. 附录
+
+### 12.1 常用类名速查
+
+```
+// 页面容器
+p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 min-h-[500px] select-none
+
+// 标准卡片
+p-5 rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm
+
+// 工具栏
+flex h-10 items-center justify-between px-1.5 bg-secondary/40 rounded-xl border border-border/60
+
+// 区域标签
+text-[10px] font-bold text-muted-foreground/90 uppercase tracking-wider
+
+// 数据展示
+font-mono font-semibold text-foreground text-sm
+
+// 错误提示
+text-xs font-medium text-destructive
+
+// 空状态
+p-8 rounded-xl bg-muted/30 border border-dashed border-border/80 text-center
+
+// 图标按钮容器
+flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center rounded-md border border-input bg-background shadow-sm
+
+// 焦点环
+focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2
+```
+
+### 12.2 相关文件
+
+| 文件                                  | 说明                    |
+| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
+| `src/index.css`                       | CSS 变量定义、全局样式  |
+| `tailwind.config.js`                  | Tailwind 配置、色彩映射 |
+| `src/lib/utils.ts`                    | `cn()` 工具函数         |
+| `src/components/ui/*.tsx`             | shadcn/ui 基础组件      |
+| `src/config/features.tsx`             | 工具配置、色彩分配      |
+| `src/providers/ThemeModeProvider.tsx` | 主题模式管理            |
+
+### 12.3 参考资源
+
+- [shadcn/ui 文档](https://ui.shadcn.com/docs)
+- [Tailwind CSS 文档](https://tailwindcss.com/docs)
+- [Radix UI 文档](https://www.radix-ui.com/)
+- [Lucide Icons](https://lucide.dev/)
+
+---
+
+_本文档随项目迭代更新。新增组件或修改视觉风格时，请同步更新此文档。_
diff --git a/i18n/README.md b/i18n/README.md
deleted file mode 100644
index dcaa52b..0000000
--- a/i18n/README.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-# i18n/
-
-国际化资源目录，管理多语言翻译和 i18next 初始化配置。
-
-## 目录结构
-
-```
-i18n/
-├── index.ts                    # i18next 初始化配置
-└── locales/
-    ├── zh/                     # 中文翻译（默认语言）
-    │   ├── common.json         # 通用文案
-    │   ├── features.json       # 功能模块标题和描述
-    │   ├── timestamp.json      # 时间戳工具翻译
-    │   ├── storageCleaner.json # 存储清理工具翻译
-    │   ├── qrCode.json         # 二维码工具翻译
-    │   ├── textStatistics.json # 文本统计工具翻译
-    │   ├── jwt.json            # JWT 工具翻译
-    │   ├── jsonDiff.json       # JSON 差异工具翻译
-    │   ├── jsonFormat.json     # JSON 格式化工具翻译
-    │   ├── base64Converter.json
-    │   ├── markdownToHtml.json
-    │   ├── htmlToMarkdown.json
-    │   └── rightClickRestorer.json
-    └── en/                     # 英文翻译（结构同上）
-        └── ...
-```
-
-## index.ts
-
-i18next 初始化配置：
-
-- 同步加载 `common` 和 `features` 核心命名空间
-- 自定义 `chromeStorage` 语言检测器，从 Chrome Storage 读取语言偏好
-- `normalizeLanguage()` 将任意语言标识归一化为 `zh` 或 `en`
-- 语言变更时同步更新 Day.js 本地化和 localStorage 快照
-
-## 翻译键格式
-
-- 命名空间：`common`（默认）、`features`、各功能独立命名空间
-- 键格式：`namespace:key`（如 `features:timestamp.title`、`timestamp:unitMs`）
-
-## 使用方式
-
-```tsx
-// 页面组件 — 懒加载翻译
-import { useLazyTranslation } from '@/utils/useLazyTranslation';
-const { t } = useLazyTranslation('timestamp');
-t('timestamp:title');
-
-// 全局组件 — 直接使用
-import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
-const { t } = useTranslation(['common', 'features']);
-t('common:settings');
-```
-
-## 添加新翻译
-
-1. 在 `locales/{zh,en}/features.json` 添加功能标题和描述
-2. 创建 `locales/{zh,en}/{功能名}.json` 添加功能专属翻译
-3. 在 `utils/useLazyTranslation.ts` 的 `localeModules` 中注册新命名空间
diff --git a/public/_locales/zh/messages.json b/public/_locales/zh/messages.json
index 720c853..b8b3a33 100644
--- a/public/_locales/zh/messages.json
+++ b/public/_locales/zh/messages.json
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@
     "description": "Translation key: storageCleaner_options_sessionStorage"
   },
   "storageCleaner_options_indexedDB": {
-    "message": "IndexedDB",
+    "message": "站点存储",
     "description": "Translation key: storageCleaner_options_indexedDB"
   },
   "storageCleaner_options_cookies": {
@@ -760,6 +760,10 @@
     "message": "毫秒 (ms)",
     "description": "Translation key: timestamp_unitMs"
   },
+  "timestamp_unitS": {
+    "message": "秒 (s)",
+    "description": "Translation key: timestamp_unitS"
+  },
   "timestamp_currentTs": {
     "message": "当前时间戳",
     "description": "Translation key: timestamp_currentTs"
diff --git a/src/components/GlobalSnackbar.tsx b/src/components/GlobalSnackbar.tsx
deleted file mode 100644
index 096dee8..0000000
--- a/src/components/GlobalSnackbar.tsx
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,372 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * GlobalSnackbar - 全局 Snackbar 消息提示组件及 Provider
- *
- * 提供可复用的 Toast 消息提示功能，支持三种使用方式：
- * 1. 作为受控组件使用：通过 props 控制显示状态
- * 2. 通过 useSnackbarState Hook 使用：在组件内部自动管理状态
- * 3. 通过 SnackbarProvider 和 useSnackbar Hook 使用：全局单例模式
- *
- * NOTE: 项目同时使用 sonner 的 toast 进行简单的一次性提示。
- * 本组件适用于需要 severity 级别、Provider 上下文、自定义定位等高级场景。
- * 简单场景（如复制成功、操作提示）优先使用 `import { toast } from 'sonner'`。
- *
- * @module GlobalSnackbar
- * @version 1.1.0
- *
- * @example
- * ```tsx
- * // 方式一：受控组件
- * <GlobalSnackbar
- *   message="操作成功"
- *   open={isOpen}
- *   onClose={() => setIsOpen(false)}
- *   severity="success"
- * />
- *
- * // 方式二：Hook 方式 (局部状态)
- * const { snackbarProps, showMessage } = useSnackbarState();
- * showMessage('Hello!', { severity: 'info' });
- *
- * // 方式三：Context 方式 (全局状态)
- * // 在根组件包裹 Provider
- * <SnackbarProvider>
- *   <App />
- * </SnackbarProvider>
- *
- * // 在子组件中使用
- * const { showMessage } = useSnackbar();
- * showMessage('Global Message');
- * ```
- */
-
-import {
-  JSX,
-  useState,
-  useRef,
-  createContext,
-  useContext,
-  useEffect,
-  type ReactNode,
-  type SyntheticEvent,
-} from 'react';
-import { CheckCircle, Info, AlertTriangle, XCircle } from 'lucide-react';
-
-/**
- * Snackbar 消息严重程度类型
- * @description 决定 Alert 组件的颜色和图标
- * - success: 绿色，成功提示
- * - info: 蓝色，信息提示
- * - warning: 橙色，警告提示
- * - error: 红色，错误提示
- */
-export type SnackbarSeverity = 'success' | 'info' | 'warning' | 'error';
-
-/**
- * GlobalSnackbar 组件的属性接口
- * @interface GlobalSnackbarProps
- */
-export interface GlobalSnackbarProps {
-  /** 消息内容，要显示的提示文本 */
-  message: string;
-  /** 是否显示 Snackbar */
-  open: boolean;
-  /** 关闭回调函数 */
-  onClose: () => void;
-  /** 消息级别，影响颜色和图标样式，默认 'info' */
-  severity?: SnackbarSeverity;
-  /** 自动隐藏时间（毫秒），设为 0 则不自动关闭，默认 2000 */
-  autoHideDuration?: number;
-  /** Snackbar 弹出位置，默认 { vertical: 'bottom', horizontal: 'center' } */
-  anchorOrigin?: {
-    vertical: 'top' | 'bottom';
-    horizontal: 'left' | 'center' | 'right';
-  };
-  /** 是否使用 Alert 组件包裹，false 则使用原生 Snackbar message，默认 true */
-  showAlert?: boolean;
-  /** 是否隐藏 Alert 图标，默认 false */
-  hideIcon?: boolean;
-  /** 自定义样式，透传给外层 Snackbar 组件 */
-  sx?: React.CSSProperties;
-  /** 自定义样式，透传给内层 Alert 组件（仅 showAlert=true 时生效） */
-  alertSx?: React.CSSProperties;
-}
-
-/**
- * showMessage 方法的选项配置
- * @interface SnackbarOptions
- */
-export interface SnackbarOptions {
-  /** 消息级别：success | info | warning | error */
-  severity?: SnackbarSeverity;
-  /** 自动隐藏时间（毫秒），设为 0 则不自动关闭 */
-  autoHideDuration?: number;
-  /** 是否隐藏 Alert 图标 */
-  hideIcon?: boolean;
-  /** 是否使用 Alert 组件包裹 */
-  showAlert?: boolean;
-}
-
-/**
- * useSnackbarState Hook 的返回值类型
- * @interface UseSnackbarStateResult
- */
-export interface UseSnackbarStateResult {
-  /** 传递给 GlobalSnackbar 组件的属性对象 */
-  snackbarProps: GlobalSnackbarProps;
-  /** 显示消息的方法 */
-  showMessage: (message: string, options?: SnackbarOptions) => void;
-  /** 关闭消息的方法 */
-  closeMessage: () => void;
-}
-
-/**
- * GlobalSnackbar 组件的默认属性配置
- * @description 提供类型安全的默认值选择
- */
-const defaultProps: Required<
-  Pick<
-    GlobalSnackbarProps,
-    'severity' | 'autoHideDuration' | 'anchorOrigin' | 'showAlert' | 'hideIcon'
-  >
-> = {
-  severity: 'info',
-  autoHideDuration: 2000,
-  anchorOrigin: { vertical: 'bottom', horizontal: 'center' },
-  showAlert: true,
-  hideIcon: false,
-};
-
-const severityConfig: Record<
-  SnackbarSeverity,
-  { icon: React.ElementType; bgClass: string; textClass: string }
-> = {
-  success: { icon: CheckCircle, bgClass: 'bg-green-500', textClass: 'text-white' },
-  info: { icon: Info, bgClass: 'bg-primary/100', textClass: 'text-white' },
-  warning: { icon: AlertTriangle, bgClass: 'bg-amber-500', textClass: 'text-white' },
-  error: { icon: XCircle, bgClass: 'bg-red-500', textClass: 'text-white' },
-};
-
-/**
- * GlobalSnackbar 组件
- *
- * 全局消息提示的展示组件，支持受控和非受控两种使用模式。
- *
- * @param {GlobalSnackbarProps} props - 组件属性
- * @returns {JSX.Element}
- */
-export function GlobalSnackbar({
-  message,
-  open,
-  onClose,
-  severity = defaultProps.severity,
-  autoHideDuration = defaultProps.autoHideDuration,
-  showAlert = defaultProps.showAlert,
-  hideIcon = defaultProps.hideIcon,
-}: GlobalSnackbarProps): JSX.Element | null {
-  const timerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (open && autoHideDuration > 0) {
-      timerRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
-        onClose();
-      }, autoHideDuration);
-      return () => {
-        if (timerRef.current) clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
-      };
-    }
-    return undefined;
-  }, [open, autoHideDuration, onClose]);
-
-  if (!open) return null;
-
-  const config = severityConfig[severity];
-  const IconComponent = config.icon;
-
-  return (
-    <div className="fixed z-[999999] bottom-6 left-1/2 -translate-x-1/2 animate-in fade-in slide-in-from-bottom-2 duration-300">
-      {showAlert ? (
-        <div
-          className={`flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-1.5 rounded-full shadow-lg ${config.bgClass} ${config.textClass}`}
-          style={{ minWidth: '140px' }}
-        >
-          {!hideIcon && <IconComponent className="h-4 w-4 flex-shrink-0" />}
-          <span className="text-xs font-bold">{message}</span>
-        </div>
-      ) : (
-        <div className="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg bg-gray-800 text-white text-sm">{message}</div>
-      )}
-    </div>
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * useSnackbarState - 消息提示的 Hook 方式
- *
- * 提供状态管理的 Snackbar 功能，自动处理 open、message 等状态。
- * 适合在组件内部使用，无需额外的状态管理代码。
- *
- * @param {SnackbarOptions} [initialOptions] - 初始配置选项
- * @returns {UseSnackbarStateResult} 包含 snackbarProps 和操作方法的对象
- *
- * @description
- * - 自动管理 Snackbar 的显示/隐藏状态
- * - 支持链式调用 showMessage
- * - 合并初始选项和调用时选项
- *
- * @example
- * ```tsx
- * function MyComponent() {
- *   const { snackbarProps, showMessage, closeMessage } = useSnackbarState({
- *     severity: 'info',
- *     autoHideDuration: 3000,
- *   });
- *
- *   const handleSave = () => {
- *     // 业务逻辑...
- *     showMessage('保存成功！', { severity: 'success' });
- *   };
- *
- *   return (
- *     <>
- *       <button onClick={handleSave}>保存</button>
- *       <GlobalSnackbar {...snackbarProps} />
- *     </>
- *   );
- * }
- * ```
- */
-export function useSnackbarState(initialOptions?: SnackbarOptions): UseSnackbarStateResult {
-  // Snackbar 显示状态
-  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
-  // 当前显示的消息内容
-  const [message, setMessage] = useState('');
-  // 消息配置选项
-  const [options, setOptions] = useState<SnackbarOptions>(initialOptions || {});
-
-  /**
-   * 显示消息
-   *
-   * @param {string} newMessage - 要显示的消息文本
-   * @param {SnackbarOptions} [newOptions={}] - 新的配置选项
-   *
-   * @description
-   * - 合并初始选项和新的调用选项
-   * - 新选项会覆盖初始选项
-   */
-  const showMessage = (newMessage: string, newOptions: SnackbarOptions = {}) => {
-    setMessage(newMessage);
-    setOptions({ ...initialOptions, ...newOptions });
-    setOpen(true);
-  };
-
-  /**
-   * 关闭消息
-   *
-   * @description
-   * - 直接将 open 状态设置为 false
-   */
-  const closeMessage = () => {
-    setOpen(false);
-  };
-
-  const handleClose = (_event?: SyntheticEvent | Event, reason?: string) => {
-    if (reason === 'clickaway') return;
-    closeMessage();
-  };
-
-  /**
-   * 传递给 GlobalSnackbar 组件的属性
-   *
-   * @description
-   * - 组合当前状态和选项为完整的组件 props
-   * - onClose 使用 handleClose 包装后的版本
-   */
-  const snackbarProps: GlobalSnackbarProps = {
-    message,
-    open,
-    onClose: handleClose,
-    severity: options.severity,
-    autoHideDuration: options.autoHideDuration,
-    hideIcon: options.hideIcon,
-  };
-
-  return {
-    snackbarProps,
-    showMessage,
-    closeMessage,
-  };
-}
-
-// --- Context & Provider ---
-
-/**
- * Snackbar Context 的值类型定义
- */
-interface SnackbarContextValue {
-  showMessage: (message: string, options?: SnackbarOptions) => void;
-  closeMessage: () => void;
-}
-
-const SnackbarContext = createContext<SnackbarContextValue | null>(null);
-
-/**
- * SnackbarProvider 组件的 props 类型
- */
-interface SnackbarProviderProps {
-  children: ReactNode;
-  initialOptions?: SnackbarOptions;
-}
-
-/**
- * SnackbarProvider 组件
- *
- * 全局消息提示的 Provider 组件，需要包裹在应用根组件外层。
- */
-export function SnackbarProvider({ children, initialOptions }: SnackbarProviderProps): JSX.Element {
-  const { snackbarProps, showMessage, closeMessage } = useSnackbarState(initialOptions);
-
-  return (
-    <SnackbarContext.Provider value={{ showMessage, closeMessage }}>
-      {children}
-      <GlobalSnackbar {...snackbarProps} />
-    </SnackbarContext.Provider>
-  );
-}
-
-/**
- * useSnackbar - 在子组件中获取 Snackbar 上下文的 Hook
- *
- * @param {SnackbarOptions} [options] - 钩子级别的默认配置（如 autoHideDuration）
- * @returns {SnackbarContextValue} - 包含 showMessage 和 closeMessage 的对象
- * @throws {Error} - 如果不在 SnackbarProvider 内部调用，抛出错误
- *
- * @description
- * 选项合并策略：
- * 1. 调用 showMessage 时传入的 callOptions 优先级最高
- * 2. useSnackbar(options) 传入的 Hook 级别配置次之
- * 3. SnackbarProvider(initialOptions) 传入的全局配置优先级最低
- */
-export function useSnackbar(options?: SnackbarOptions): SnackbarContextValue {
-  const context = useContext(SnackbarContext);
-  if (!context) {
-    throw new Error('useSnackbar must be used within SnackbarProvider');
-  }
-
-  // 包装 showMessage 以支持 Hook 级别的 initialOptions
-  const wrappedShowMessage = (message: string, callOptions?: SnackbarOptions) => {
-    // 采用防御性编程，确保 options 和 callOptions 为空时也能正常工作
-    // 优先级：callOptions > options
-    const mergedOptions: SnackbarOptions = {
-      ...(options || {}),
-      ...(callOptions || {}),
-    };
-    context.showMessage(message, mergedOptions);
-  };
-
-  return {
-    ...context,
-    showMessage: wrappedShowMessage,
-  };
-}
-
-export default GlobalSnackbar;
diff --git a/src/components/ImageUploader.tsx b/src/components/ImageUploader.tsx
index 0173353..6f3e1cc 100644
--- a/src/components/ImageUploader.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ImageUploader.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import { Image, X } from 'lucide-react';
-import { useSnackbar } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 
 interface ImageUploaderProps {
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ const ImageUploader = ({
   onDraggingChange,
 }: ImageUploaderProps) => {
   const { t } = useI18n('qrCode');
-  const { showMessage } = useSnackbar();
   const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
   const handleFileChange = useCallback(
@@ -46,11 +45,8 @@ const ImageUploader = ({
       URL.revokeObjectURL(previewUrl);
     }
     onClearFile();
-    showMessage(t('qrCode:imageCleared'), {
-      severity: 'success',
-      autoHideDuration: 1000,
-    });
-  }, [previewUrl, onClearFile, showMessage, t]);
+    toast.success(t('qrCode:imageCleared'));
+  }, [previewUrl, onClearFile, t]);
 
   const handleInputChange = (e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
     if (e.target.files && e.target.files.length > 0) {
@@ -90,13 +86,10 @@ const ImageUploader = ({
           if (file) {
             try {
               handleFileChange(file);
-              showMessage(t('qrCode:imagePasted'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
+              toast.success(t('qrCode:imagePasted'));
             } catch (error) {
               console.error('处理粘贴图片失败:', error);
-              showMessage(t('qrCode:imagePasteError'), {
-                severity: 'error',
-                autoHideDuration: 3000,
-              });
+              toast.error(t('qrCode:imagePasteError'));
             }
           }
           break;
@@ -109,7 +102,7 @@ const ImageUploader = ({
     return () => {
       document.removeEventListener('paste', handlePaste);
     };
-  }, [showMessage, handleFileChange, t]);
+  }, [handleFileChange, t]);
 
   return (
     <div
diff --git a/src/components/RouterContainer.tsx b/src/components/RouterContainer.tsx
index 179ebf8..a8de5ce 100644
--- a/src/components/RouterContainer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/RouterContainer.tsx
@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
 import { FEATURES, getEntryPointType } from '@/config/features';
 import { useRouter } from '@/providers/RouterProvider';
-import { Suspense, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { Suspense } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import PageErrorBoundary from '@/components/PageErrorBoundary';
 import PageSkeleton from '@/components/PageSkeleton';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 import { AlertTriangle } from 'lucide-react';
 
+const entryPointType = getEntryPointType();
+
 export default function RouterContainer() {
   const { currentPage, isLoaded } = useRouter();
   const { t } = useI18n('common');
 
-  const animationClass = useMemo(() => {
-    return currentPage === 'dashboard' ? 'page-transition-dashboard' : 'page-transition-enter';
-  }, [currentPage]);
-
-  const entryPointType = getEntryPointType();
+  const animationClass =
+    currentPage === 'dashboard' ? 'page-transition-dashboard' : 'page-transition-enter';
 
   if (!isLoaded) {
     return <PageSkeleton variant={currentPage === 'dashboard' ? 'dashboard' : 'tool'} />;
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/GlobalSnackbar.test.tsx b/src/components/__tests__/GlobalSnackbar.test.tsx
deleted file mode 100644
index 6357556..0000000
--- a/src/components/__tests__/GlobalSnackbar.test.tsx
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
-import { act, render, renderHook, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
-import React from 'react';
-import {
-  GlobalSnackbar,
-  type GlobalSnackbarProps,
-  SnackbarProvider,
-  useSnackbar,
-  useSnackbarState,
-} from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
-
-describe('GlobalSnackbar 组件系统', () => {
-  const mockOnClose = vi.fn();
-
-  beforeEach(() => {
-    vi.useFakeTimers();
-    vi.clearAllMocks();
-  });
-
-  afterEach(() => {
-    vi.restoreAllMocks();
-    vi.useRealTimers();
-  });
-
-  const defaultProps: GlobalSnackbarProps = {
-    message: '测试消息',
-    open: true,
-    onClose: mockOnClose,
-  };
-
-  describe('GlobalSnackbar UI 渲染', () => {
-    it('应渲染消息内容', () => {
-      render(<GlobalSnackbar {...defaultProps} />);
-      expect(screen.getByText('测试消息')).toBeInTheDocument();
-    });
-
-    it('当 showAlert 为 true 时应渲染带样式的提示', () => {
-      render(<GlobalSnackbar {...defaultProps} showAlert={true} />);
-      // 验证是否包含消息文本
-      const alertElement = screen.getByText('测试消息');
-      expect(alertElement).toBeInTheDocument();
-      // 验证父元素有正确的样式类
-      const parent = alertElement.parentElement;
-      expect(parent).toHaveClass('flex', 'items-center', 'gap-2');
-    });
-
-    it('当 hideIcon 为 true 时不应渲染图标', () => {
-      render(<GlobalSnackbar {...defaultProps} hideIcon={true} />);
-      // 图标使用 lucide-react 的 svg 元素
-      const icon = document.querySelector('svg');
-      expect(icon).not.toBeInTheDocument();
-    });
-
-    it('应根据 severity 应用不同的样式', () => {
-      render(<GlobalSnackbar {...defaultProps} severity="error" />);
-      const message = screen.getByText('测试消息');
-      const parent = message.parentElement;
-      expect(parent).toHaveClass('bg-red-500');
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe('useSnackbarState Hook 逻辑', () => {
-    it('应返回初始状态', () => {
-      const { result } = renderHook(() => useSnackbarState());
-      expect(result.current.snackbarProps.open).toBe(false);
-      expect(result.current.snackbarProps.message).toBe('');
-    });
-
-    it('showMessage 应更新状态', () => {
-      const { result } = renderHook(() => useSnackbarState());
-
-      act(() => {
-        result.current.showMessage('新消息');
-      });
-
-      expect(result.current.snackbarProps.open).toBe(true);
-      expect(result.current.snackbarProps.message).toBe('新消息');
-    });
-
-    it('closeMessage 应关闭消息', () => {
-      const { result } = renderHook(() => useSnackbarState());
-
-      act(() => {
-        result.current.showMessage('消息');
-      });
-      act(() => {
-        result.current.closeMessage();
-      });
-
-      expect(result.current.snackbarProps.open).toBe(false);
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe('useSnackbar Context Hook 优先级', () => {
-    it('优先级验证: Call Options > Hook Options > Provider Options', () => {
-      const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) => (
-        <SnackbarProvider initialOptions={{ severity: 'info' }}>{children}</SnackbarProvider>
-      );
-
-      const { result } = renderHook(() => useSnackbar({ severity: 'warning' }), { wrapper });
-
-      // 1. 测试 Hook Options 覆盖 Provider Options
-      act(() => {
-        result.current.showMessage('消息 1');
-      });
-
-      expect(screen.getByText('消息 1')).toBeInTheDocument();
-
-      // 2. 测试 Call Options 覆盖 Hook Options
-      act(() => {
-        result.current.showMessage('消息 2', { severity: 'error' });
-      });
-
-      expect(screen.getByText('消息 2')).toBeInTheDocument();
-    });
-  });
-});
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/ImageUploader.test.tsx b/src/components/__tests__/ImageUploader.test.tsx
index fcf48c0..e85ef52 100644
--- a/src/components/__tests__/ImageUploader.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/__tests__/ImageUploader.test.tsx
@@ -13,10 +13,11 @@ const mockRevokeObjectURL = vi.fn();
 Object.defineProperty(window.URL, 'createObjectURL', { value: mockCreateObjectURL });
 Object.defineProperty(window.URL, 'revokeObjectURL', { value: mockRevokeObjectURL });
 
-vi.mock('@/components/GlobalSnackbar', () => ({
-  useSnackbar: () => ({
-    showMessage: vi.fn(),
-  }),
+vi.mock('sonner', () => ({
+  toast: {
+    success: vi.fn(),
+    error: vi.fn(),
+  },
 }));
 
 describe('ImageUploader 组件', () => {
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/RouterContainer.test.tsx b/src/components/__tests__/RouterContainer.test.tsx
index 86d50e4..4ab1e39 100644
--- a/src/components/__tests__/RouterContainer.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/__tests__/RouterContainer.test.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { render } from '@testing-library/react';
 import RouterContainer from '@/components/RouterContainer';
 import { RouterProvider } from '@/providers/RouterProvider';
-import { SnackbarProvider } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
 import type { PageType } from '@/types/storage';
 import React from 'react';
 
@@ -29,11 +28,7 @@ describe('RouterContainer 组件', () => {
   });
 
   const renderWithProvider = (ui: React.ReactElement) => {
-    return render(
-      <SnackbarProvider>
-        <RouterProvider>{ui}</RouterProvider>
-      </SnackbarProvider>,
-    );
+    return render(<RouterProvider>{ui}</RouterProvider>);
   };
 
   describe('渲染测试', () => {
@@ -74,11 +69,7 @@ describe('RouterContainer 组件', () => {
       const { rerender } = renderWithProvider(<RouterContainer />);
 
       mockRouterValue.currentPage = 'timestamp';
-      rerender(
-        <SnackbarProvider>
-          <RouterProvider>{<RouterContainer />}</RouterProvider>
-        </SnackbarProvider>,
-      );
+      rerender(<RouterProvider>{<RouterContainer />}</RouterProvider>);
 
       const box = document.querySelector('.page-transition-enter');
       expect(box).toBeInTheDocument();
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/StorageCleanerConfirm.test.tsx b/src/components/__tests__/StorageCleanerConfirm.test.tsx
index 3fd0bc7..490ffa4 100644
--- a/src/components/__tests__/StorageCleanerConfirm.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/__tests__/StorageCleanerConfirm.test.tsx
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ describe('StorageCleanerConfirm 组件', () => {
       renderComponent({ options: partialOptions });
 
       expect(screen.getByText(/Local Storage/)).toBeInTheDocument();
-      expect(screen.getByText(/IndexedDB/)).toBeInTheDocument();
+      expect(screen.getByText(/站点存储/)).toBeInTheDocument();
       expect(screen.queryByText(/Session Storage/)).not.toBeInTheDocument();
       expect(screen.queryByText(/Cookies$/)).not.toBeInTheDocument();
     });
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/background.ts b/src/entrypoints/background.ts
index 4e05ad4..d1b177b 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/background.ts
+++ b/src/entrypoints/background.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { browser } from 'wxt/browser';
 import { MessageAction, onMessage, sendMessage } from '@/utils/messages';
 import { createAllContextMenus, parseContextMenuClick } from '@/utils/contextMenu';
 import { saveContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
+import { mainWorldInjectionScript } from '@/utils/rightClickInjection';
 
 export default defineBackground(() => {
   // 1. 扩展初次安装或更新时，注册右键上下文菜单
@@ -71,68 +72,7 @@ export default defineBackground(() => {
     try {
       await browser.scripting.executeScript({
         target: { tabId },
-        func: () => {
-          'use strict';
-          const w = window as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
-          if (w.__testingToolsRightClickPatched) return;
-          w.__testingToolsRightClickPatched = true;
-
-          const PROTECTED = ['contextmenu', 'copy', 'paste', 'cut', 'selectstart'];
-
-          const _origPreventDefault = MouseEvent.prototype.preventDefault;
-          Object.defineProperty(MouseEvent.prototype, 'preventDefault', {
-            value: function (this: MouseEvent) {
-              const t = this.type;
-              if (PROTECTED.includes(t) || (t === 'mousedown' && this.button === 2)) {
-                return;
-              }
-              return _origPreventDefault.call(this);
-            },
-            writable: true,
-            configurable: true,
-          });
-
-          const _origStopPropagation = Event.prototype.stopPropagation;
-          Object.defineProperty(Event.prototype, 'stopPropagation', {
-            value: function (this: Event) {
-              if (PROTECTED.includes(this.type)) return;
-              return _origStopPropagation.call(this);
-            },
-            writable: true,
-            configurable: true,
-          });
-
-          const _origStopImmediatePropagation = Event.prototype.stopImmediatePropagation;
-          Object.defineProperty(Event.prototype, 'stopImmediatePropagation', {
-            value: function (this: Event) {
-              if (PROTECTED.includes(this.type)) return;
-              return _origStopImmediatePropagation.call(this);
-            },
-            writable: true,
-            configurable: true,
-          });
-
-          let _docOnContextMenu: unknown = null;
-          Object.defineProperty(document, 'oncontextmenu', {
-            get() {
-              return _docOnContextMenu;
-            },
-            set(fn: unknown) {
-              if (typeof fn === 'function') {
-                _docOnContextMenu = function (this: GlobalEventHandlers, e: MouseEvent) {
-                  const r = (fn as (this: GlobalEventHandlers, ev: MouseEvent) => unknown).call(
-                    this,
-                    e,
-                  );
-                  return r === false ? true : r;
-                };
-              } else {
-                _docOnContextMenu = fn;
-              }
-            },
-            configurable: true,
-          });
-        },
+        func: mainWorldInjectionScript,
         world: 'MAIN',
       });
 
@@ -143,41 +83,4 @@ export default defineBackground(() => {
       return { success: false, message: errorMsg };
     }
   });
-
-  onMessage(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, async (message) => {
-    const { tabId, delay = 0 } = message.data;
-
-    const executeReload = () => {
-      browser.tabs.reload(tabId).catch((err) => {
-        console.error('Failed to execute tab reload operation:', err);
-      });
-    };
-
-    if (delay <= 0) {
-      executeReload();
-      return { success: true };
-    }
-
-    const alarmName = `reload-tab-${tabId}-${Date.now()}`;
-
-    await browser.alarms.create(alarmName, { when: Date.now() + delay });
-
-    const cleanupTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
-      browser.alarms.onAlarm.removeListener(alarmListener);
-      browser.alarms.clear(alarmName).catch(() => {});
-    }, delay + 5000);
-
-    const alarmListener = (alarm: { name: string }) => {
-      if (alarm.name !== alarmName) return;
-
-      clearTimeout(cleanupTimeout);
-      executeReload();
-      browser.alarms.onAlarm.removeListener(alarmListener);
-      browser.alarms.clear(alarmName).catch(() => {});
-    };
-
-    browser.alarms.onAlarm.addListener(alarmListener);
-
-    return { success: true };
-  });
 });
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/content.ts b/src/entrypoints/content.ts
index de742e7..4cfbc44 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/content.ts
+++ b/src/entrypoints/content.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import '../../.wxt/types/imports.d.ts';
-import { initMessageHandler } from './content/messageHandler';
+import { initContextMenuHandler } from './content/contextMenuHandler';
 
 export default defineContentScript({
   matches: ['<all_urls>'],
   runAt: 'document_end',
   main() {
-    initMessageHandler();
+    initContextMenuHandler();
   },
 });
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/content/contextMenuHandler.ts b/src/entrypoints/content/contextMenuHandler.ts
index 651d0c0..cc9b940 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/content/contextMenuHandler.ts
+++ b/src/entrypoints/content/contextMenuHandler.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 import type { ContextMenuClickedPayload } from '@/utils/messages';
 import { MessageAction, onMessage } from '@/utils/messages';
 import { getTextStats } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { getMessage } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { hidePopover, showTextStatsResult, showTimestampResult } from './uiPopover';
 
-function getI18nText(key: string, fallback: string): string {
-  if (typeof chrome !== 'undefined' && chrome.i18n) {
-    return chrome.i18n.getMessage(key) || fallback;
-  }
-  return fallback;
-}
-
 function convertTimestamp(input: string): string {
-  const invalidText = getI18nText('invalidTimestamp', 'Invalid Timestamp');
+  const invalidText = getMessage('invalidTimestamp') || 'Invalid Timestamp';
   const num = Number(input.trim());
 
   if (isNaN(num)) {
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/content/messageHandler.ts b/src/entrypoints/content/messageHandler.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 26b3743..0000000
--- a/src/entrypoints/content/messageHandler.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-import { initContextMenuHandler } from './contextMenuHandler';
-
-export function initMessageHandler(): void {
-  initContextMenuHandler();
-}
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/popup/App.tsx b/src/entrypoints/popup/App.tsx
index cdec377..413568a 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/popup/App.tsx
+++ b/src/entrypoints/popup/App.tsx
@@ -2,27 +2,22 @@ import RouterProvider from '@/providers/RouterProvider';
 import TopBar from '@/components/TopBar';
 import RouterContainer from '@/components/RouterContainer';
 import ErrorBoundary from '@/components/ErrorBoundary';
-import { SnackbarProvider } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
 import { getEntryPointType } from '@/config/features';
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
-
 export default function App() {
-  const entryType = useMemo(() => getEntryPointType(), []);
+  const entryType = getEntryPointType();
 
-  const routerConfig = useMemo(() => {
-    if (entryType === 'tab') {
-      return {
-        syncKey: 'app/tabRoute' as const,
-        visiblePagesKey: 'app/tabVisiblePages' as const,
-        pageOrderKey: 'app/tabPageOrder' as const,
-      };
-    }
-    return {
-      syncKey: 'app/popupRoute' as const,
-      visiblePagesKey: 'app/popupVisiblePages' as const,
-      pageOrderKey: 'app/popupPageOrder' as const,
-    };
-  }, [entryType]);
+  const routerConfig =
+    entryType === 'tab'
+      ? {
+          syncKey: 'app/tabRoute' as const,
+          visiblePagesKey: 'app/tabVisiblePages' as const,
+          pageOrderKey: 'app/tabPageOrder' as const,
+        }
+      : {
+          syncKey: 'app/popupRoute' as const,
+          visiblePagesKey: 'app/popupVisiblePages' as const,
+          pageOrderKey: 'app/popupPageOrder' as const,
+        };
 
   return (
     <RouterProvider
@@ -30,14 +25,12 @@ export default function App() {
       visiblePagesKey={routerConfig.visiblePagesKey}
       pageOrderKey={routerConfig.pageOrderKey}
     >
-      <SnackbarProvider initialOptions={{ autoHideDuration: 1500 }}>
-        <div className="app flex flex-col w-[400px] max-w-[400px] min-w-[400px] h-[600px] min-h-[600px] overflow-hidden bg-background sm:w-screen sm:max-w-none sm:min-w-0 sm:h-screen sm:min-h-0">
-          <TopBar />
-          <ErrorBoundary>
-            <RouterContainer />
-          </ErrorBoundary>
-        </div>
-      </SnackbarProvider>
+      <div className="app flex flex-col w-[400px] max-w-[400px] min-w-[400px] h-[600px] min-h-[600px] overflow-hidden bg-background sm:w-screen sm:max-w-none sm:min-w-0 sm:h-screen sm:min-h-0">
+        <TopBar />
+        <ErrorBoundary>
+          <RouterContainer />
+        </ErrorBoundary>
+      </div>
     </RouterProvider>
   );
 }
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/rightClickRestorer.content.ts b/src/entrypoints/rightClickRestorer.content.ts
index 5d59201..8d860ff 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/rightClickRestorer.content.ts
+++ b/src/entrypoints/rightClickRestorer.content.ts
@@ -1,57 +1,7 @@
 import { MessageAction, onMessage, sendMessage } from '@/utils/messages';
 
-const BADGE_ID = 'testing-tools-right-click-restorer-badge';
-const BADGE_STYLE_ID = 'testing-tools-right-click-restorer-badge-style';
-
 let isRestored = false;
 
-function updateBadge(): void {
-  const badge = document.getElementById(BADGE_ID);
-  if (badge) {
-    badge.style.opacity = isRestored ? '1' : '0';
-  }
-}
-
-function createBadge(): void {
-  if (document.getElementById(BADGE_ID)) return;
-
-  if (!document.getElementById(BADGE_STYLE_ID)) {
-    const style = document.createElement('style');
-    style.id = BADGE_STYLE_ID;
-    style.textContent = `
-      #${BADGE_ID} {
-        position: fixed;
-        bottom: 16px;
-        right: 16px;
-        z-index: 2147483646;
-        padding: 6px 12px;
-        background: #2e7d32;
-        color: #ffffff;
-        border-radius: 20px;
-        font-size: 12px;
-        font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
-        box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
-        opacity: 0;
-        transition: opacity 0.2s ease-out;
-        pointer-events: none;
-        user-select: none;
-      }
-      @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
-        #${BADGE_ID} {
-          background: #4caf50;
-          box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
-        }
-      }
-    `;
-    document.head.appendChild(style);
-  }
-
-  const badge = document.createElement('div');
-  badge.id = BADGE_ID;
-  badge.textContent = '\u53f3\u952e\u5df2\u89e3\u9501';
-  document.body.appendChild(badge);
-}
-
 /* ======================== Main World 注入 ======================== */
 
 async function injectMainWorldScript(): Promise<void> {
@@ -90,64 +40,6 @@ function installEventIntercepts(): void {
   );
 }
 
-/* ======================== 遮罩层穿透 ======================== */
-
-const MEDIA_TAGS = new Set(['IMG', 'VIDEO', 'CANVAS', 'SVG']);
-
-function initMousePenetration(): void {
-  window.addEventListener(
-    'mousedown',
-    (e) => {
-      if (!isRestored || e.button !== 2) return;
-
-      const elements = document.elementsFromPoint(e.clientX, e.clientY);
-      if (!elements.length) return;
-
-      let targetMedia: HTMLElement | null = null;
-      for (const el of elements) {
-        if (MEDIA_TAGS.has(el.tagName)) {
-          targetMedia = el as HTMLElement;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (!targetMedia) return;
-
-      const modified: Array<{ el: HTMLElement; original: string | null }> = [];
-      let foundMedia = false;
-
-      for (const el of elements) {
-        const htmlEl = el as HTMLElement;
-
-        if (el === targetMedia) {
-          foundMedia = true;
-          const original = htmlEl.style.pointerEvents || null;
-          htmlEl.style.setProperty('pointer-events', 'all', 'important');
-          modified.push({ el: htmlEl, original });
-          continue;
-        }
-
-        if (!foundMedia) {
-          const original = htmlEl.style.pointerEvents || null;
-          htmlEl.style.setProperty('pointer-events', 'none', 'important');
-          modified.push({ el: htmlEl, original });
-        }
-      }
-
-      setTimeout(() => {
-        for (const { el, original } of modified) {
-          if (original === null || original === '') {
-            el.style.removeProperty('pointer-events');
-          } else {
-            el.style.pointerEvents = original;
-          }
-        }
-      }, 300);
-    },
-    true,
-  );
-}
-
 /* ======================== 激活保护 ======================== */
 
 async function activateProtection(): Promise<void> {
@@ -159,10 +51,8 @@ async function activateProtection(): Promise<void> {
   if (isRestored) return;
 
   installEventIntercepts();
-  initMousePenetration();
 
   isRestored = true;
-  updateBadge();
 }
 
 /* ======================== 消息通信 ======================== */
@@ -184,11 +74,6 @@ export default defineContentScript({
   matches: ['<all_urls>'],
   runAt: 'document_start',
   main() {
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
-      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', createBadge, { once: true });
-    } else {
-      createBadge();
-    }
     initMessaging();
   },
 });
diff --git a/src/entrypoints/sidepanel/App.tsx b/src/entrypoints/sidepanel/App.tsx
index 9709e84..80d156b 100644
--- a/src/entrypoints/sidepanel/App.tsx
+++ b/src/entrypoints/sidepanel/App.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import RouterProvider from '@/providers/RouterProvider';
 import TopBar from '@/components/TopBar';
 import RouterContainer from '@/components/RouterContainer';
 import ErrorBoundary from '@/components/ErrorBoundary';
-import { SnackbarProvider } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
 import { MessageAction, sendMessage } from '@/utils/messages';
 
 export default function App() {
@@ -16,14 +15,12 @@ export default function App() {
 
   return (
     <RouterProvider defaultRoute="dashboard" syncKey="app/sidepanelRoute">
-      <SnackbarProvider initialOptions={{ autoHideDuration: 1500 }}>
-        <div className="app flex flex-col h-screen w-full overflow-hidden">
-          <TopBar />
-          <ErrorBoundary>
-            <RouterContainer />
-          </ErrorBoundary>
-        </div>
-      </SnackbarProvider>
+      <div className="app flex flex-col h-screen w-full overflow-hidden">
+        <TopBar />
+        <ErrorBoundary>
+          <RouterContainer />
+        </ErrorBoundary>
+      </div>
     </RouterProvider>
   );
 }
diff --git a/src/pages/Base64Converter/Base64ConverterSection.tsx b/src/pages/Base64Converter/Base64ConverterSection.tsx
index 06df626..ba4912c 100644
--- a/src/pages/Base64Converter/Base64ConverterSection.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Base64Converter/Base64ConverterSection.tsx
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export default function Base64ConverterSection({ mode }: Base64ConverterSectionP
   };
 
   return (
-    <div className="w-full flex flex-col space-y-4">
+    <div className="w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 px-2">
       <div className="flex h-11 items-center px-1.5 bg-secondary/40 rounded-xl border border-border/60 w-fit">
         <SwitchButtonGroup
           value={direction}
diff --git a/src/pages/Base64Converter/TextMode.tsx b/src/pages/Base64Converter/TextMode.tsx
index 41f4d1b..7517cc5 100644
--- a/src/pages/Base64Converter/TextMode.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Base64Converter/TextMode.tsx
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export default function TextMode({ onSwitchToImageMode }: TextModeProps = {}) {
   };
 
   return (
-    <div className="w-full flex flex-col space-y-4">
+    <div className="w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 px-2">
       {/* 受控方向切流中枢 */}
       <div className="flex h-11 items-center px-1.5 bg-secondary/40 rounded-xl border border-border/60 w-fit">
         <SwitchButtonGroup
diff --git a/src/pages/Dashboard/index.tsx b/src/pages/Dashboard/index.tsx
index 1d28102..dff8264 100644
--- a/src/pages/Dashboard/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Dashboard/index.tsx
@@ -1,29 +1,24 @@
 import { useRouter } from '@/providers/RouterProvider';
 import { getFeatureByKey } from '@/config/features';
 import type { PageType } from '@/types/storage';
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 
-export default function DashboardPage() {
+export default function Index() {
   const { navigateTo, visiblePages, pageOrder, recentlyUsedTools } = useRouter();
   const { t } = useI18n(['features']);
 
-  const visibleSet = useMemo(() => new Set<string>(visiblePages), [visiblePages]);
+  const visibleSet = new Set<string>(visiblePages);
 
-  const visibleFeatures = useMemo(() => {
-    return pageOrder
-      .filter((key) => visibleSet.has(key))
-      .map((key) => ({ key, feature: getFeatureByKey(key) }))
-      .filter((item) => item.feature?.themeColorKey && item.feature.icon != null);
-  }, [pageOrder, visibleSet]);
+  const visibleFeatures = pageOrder
+    .filter((key) => visibleSet.has(key))
+    .map((key) => ({ key, feature: getFeatureByKey(key) }))
+    .filter((item) => item.feature?.themeColorKey && item.feature.icon != null);
 
-  const recentFeatures = useMemo(() => {
-    return recentlyUsedTools
-      .filter((key) => visibleSet.has(key))
-      .map((key) => ({ key, feature: getFeatureByKey(key) }))
-      .filter((item) => item.feature?.themeColorKey && item.feature.icon != null);
-  }, [recentlyUsedTools, visibleSet]);
+  const recentFeatures = recentlyUsedTools
+    .filter((key) => visibleSet.has(key))
+    .map((key) => ({ key, feature: getFeatureByKey(key) }))
+    .filter((item) => item.feature?.themeColorKey && item.feature.icon != null);
 
   const showRecent = recentFeatures.length > 0;
 
diff --git a/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonConvertSection.tsx b/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonConvertSection.tsx
index e35c76b..05360c5 100644
--- a/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonConvertSection.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonConvertSection.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import React, { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
-import { formatByteSize } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
 import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
 import TextInputArea from '@/components/TextInputArea';
 import { validateJson } from '@/utils/jsonFormatter';
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export default function JsonConvertSection({
                 <span>
                   {t('jsonFormat:originalSize')}:{' '}
                   <span className="font-semibold text-foreground/80">
-                    {formatByteSize(result.originalBytes)}
+                    {formatBytes(result.originalBytes)}
                   </span>
                 </span>
                 <span className="text-border/60">|</span>
diff --git a/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonFormatSection.tsx b/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonFormatSection.tsx
index 6c2ea44..ee7d169 100644
--- a/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonFormatSection.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/JsonTools/JsonFormatSection.tsx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {
   type JsonFormatResult,
   validateJson,
 } from '@/utils/jsonFormatter';
-import { formatByteSize } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
 import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
 import SwitchButtonGroup from '@/components/SwitchButtonGroup';
 import TextInputArea from '@/components/TextInputArea';
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export default function JsonFormatSection() {
                 <span>
                   {t('jsonFormat:originalSize')}:{' '}
                   <span className="font-semibold text-foreground/80">
-                    {formatByteSize(result.originalBytes)}
+                    {formatBytes(result.originalBytes)}
                   </span>
                 </span>
                 <span className="text-border/60">|</span>
diff --git a/src/pages/JsonTools/constants.ts b/src/pages/JsonTools/constants.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fb1915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pages/JsonTools/constants.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import type { JsonToolsPageMode } from '@/types/storage';
+
+export const VALID_PAGE_MODES: readonly JsonToolsPageMode[] = [
+  'diff',
+  'format',
+  'yaml',
+  'toml',
+  'minify',
+];
+
+export const isValidPageMode = (val: unknown): val is JsonToolsPageMode =>
+  typeof val === 'string' && (VALID_PAGE_MODES as readonly string[]).includes(val);
+
+export interface ParseState {
+  value: unknown;
+  error: string | null;
+}
+
+export const tryParse = (raw: string, invalidMsg: string): ParseState => {
+  const trimmed = raw.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return { value: undefined, error: null };
+  try {
+    return { value: JSON.parse(trimmed), error: null };
+  } catch {
+    return { value: undefined, error: invalidMsg };
+  }
+};
diff --git a/src/pages/JsonTools/index.tsx b/src/pages/JsonTools/index.tsx
index 3b7fb2b..359b851 100644
--- a/src/pages/JsonTools/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/JsonTools/index.tsx
@@ -1,113 +1,39 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import JsonDiffInput from './JsonDiffInput';
 import DiffResult from './DiffResult';
 import DiffNavigator from './DiffNavigator';
 import JsonFormatSection from './JsonFormatSection';
-import type { ConvertFunction } from './JsonConvertSection';
 import JsonConvertSection from './JsonConvertSection';
-import { diffJson } from './diffEngine';
-import { jsonToYaml } from '@/utils/jsonToYaml';
-import { jsonToToml } from '@/utils/jsonToToml';
-import { minifyJson } from '@/utils/jsonFormatter';
-import { useStorageState } from '@/utils/useStorageState';
-import type { JsonToolsPageMode } from '@/types/storage';
 import SwitchButtonGroup from '@/components/SwitchButtonGroup';
+import { useJsonTools } from './useJsonTools';
+import type { JsonToolsPageMode } from '@/types/storage';
 import type { ViewMode } from './types';
 
-interface ParseState {
-  value: unknown;
-  error: string | null;
-}
-
-const tryParse = (raw: string, invalidMsg: string): ParseState => {
-  const trimmed = raw.trim();
-  if (!trimmed) return { value: undefined, error: null };
-  try {
-    return { value: JSON.parse(trimmed), error: null };
-  } catch {
-    return { value: undefined, error: invalidMsg };
-  }
-};
-
-const VALID_PAGE_MODES: readonly JsonToolsPageMode[] = ['diff', 'format', 'yaml', 'toml', 'minify'];
-const isValidPageMode = (val: unknown): val is JsonToolsPageMode =>
-  typeof val === 'string' && (VALID_PAGE_MODES as readonly string[]).includes(val);
-
 type PageMode = JsonToolsPageMode;
 
 export default function Index() {
   const { t } = useI18n(['jsonDiff', 'jsonFormat']);
-  const [pageMode, setPageMode] = useStorageState('jsonTools/pageMode', 'diff', isValidPageMode);
-
-  // Debounce input
-  const [leftInput, setLeftInput] = useState('');
-  const [rightInput, setRightInput] = useState('');
-
-  // Debounced values
-  const [debouncedLeft, setDebouncedLeft] = useState('');
-  const [debouncedRight, setDebouncedRight] = useState('');
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const handle = setTimeout(() => {
-      setDebouncedLeft(leftInput);
-      setDebouncedRight(rightInput);
-    }, 250);
-    return () => clearTimeout(handle);
-  }, [leftInput, rightInput]);
-
-  // Parse debounced inputs
-  const parseState = useMemo(() => {
-    const invalidMsg = t('jsonDiff:invalidJson');
-    return {
-      left: tryParse(debouncedLeft, invalidMsg),
-      right: tryParse(debouncedRight, invalidMsg),
-    };
-  }, [debouncedLeft, debouncedRight, t]);
-
-  const leftError = parseState.left.error;
-  const rightError = parseState.right.error;
-
-  const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState<ViewMode>('sideBySide');
-  const [currentDiffIndex, setCurrentDiffIndex] = useState(0);
-
-  // Real-time diff computation
-  const diffResult = useMemo(() => {
-    const { left, right } = parseState;
-    if (left.error || right.error || debouncedLeft.trim() === '' || debouncedRight.trim() === '') {
-      return null;
-    }
-    return diffJson(left.value, right.value);
-  }, [parseState, debouncedLeft, debouncedRight]);
-
-  const total = diffResult?.diffPaths.length ?? 0;
-
-  const handlePrev = useCallback(() => {
-    if (total === 0) return;
-    setCurrentDiffIndex((idx) => (idx - 1 + total) % total);
-  }, [total]);
-
-  const handleNext = useCallback(() => {
-    if (total === 0) return;
-    setCurrentDiffIndex((idx) => (idx + 1) % total);
-  }, [total]);
-
-  const activePath = diffResult && total > 0 ? diffResult.diffPaths[currentDiffIndex] : undefined;
-
-  const yamlConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
-    const r = jsonToYaml(text);
-    return { output: r.output, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.outputBytes };
-  }, []);
-
-  const tomlConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
-    const r = jsonToToml(text);
-    return { output: r.output, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.outputBytes };
-  }, []);
-
-  const minifyConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
-    const r = minifyJson(text);
-    return { output: r.minified, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.minifiedBytes };
-  }, []);
+  const {
+    pageMode,
+    setPageMode,
+    leftInput,
+    rightInput,
+    setLeftInput,
+    setRightInput,
+    leftError,
+    rightError,
+    viewMode,
+    setViewMode,
+    diffResult,
+    total,
+    currentDiffIndex,
+    handlePrev,
+    handleNext,
+    activePath,
+    yamlConvert,
+    tomlConvert,
+    minifyConvert,
+  } = useJsonTools();
 
   return (
     <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 min-h-[500px] select-none">
@@ -144,10 +70,7 @@ export default function Index() {
               label={t('jsonDiff:leftLabel')}
               placeholder={t('jsonDiff:leftPlaceholder')}
               value={leftInput}
-              onChange={(val) => {
-                setLeftInput(val);
-                setCurrentDiffIndex(0);
-              }}
+              onChange={setLeftInput}
               error={leftError}
               minRows={9}
             />
@@ -155,10 +78,7 @@ export default function Index() {
               label={t('jsonDiff:rightLabel')}
               placeholder={t('jsonDiff:rightPlaceholder')}
               value={rightInput}
-              onChange={(val) => {
-                setRightInput(val);
-                setCurrentDiffIndex(0);
-              }}
+              onChange={setRightInput}
               error={rightError}
               minRows={9}
             />
diff --git a/src/pages/JsonTools/useJsonTools.ts b/src/pages/JsonTools/useJsonTools.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57d91e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pages/JsonTools/useJsonTools.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
+import { useStorageState } from '@/utils/useStorageState';
+import { diffJson } from './diffEngine';
+import { jsonToYaml } from '@/utils/jsonToYaml';
+import { jsonToToml } from '@/utils/jsonToToml';
+import { minifyJson } from '@/utils/jsonFormatter';
+import { isValidPageMode, tryParse } from './constants';
+import type { JsonToolsPageMode } from '@/types/storage';
+import type { ConvertFunction } from './JsonConvertSection';
+import type { ViewMode } from './types';
+
+export interface UseJsonToolsReturn {
+  pageMode: JsonToolsPageMode;
+  setPageMode: (mode: JsonToolsPageMode) => void;
+  // Diff mode state
+  leftInput: string;
+  rightInput: string;
+  setLeftInput: (val: string) => void;
+  setRightInput: (val: string) => void;
+  leftError: string | null;
+  rightError: string | null;
+  viewMode: ViewMode;
+  setViewMode: (mode: ViewMode) => void;
+  diffResult: ReturnType<typeof diffJson> | null;
+  total: number;
+  currentDiffIndex: number;
+  handlePrev: () => void;
+  handleNext: () => void;
+  activePath: string | undefined;
+  // Convert functions
+  yamlConvert: ConvertFunction;
+  tomlConvert: ConvertFunction;
+  minifyConvert: ConvertFunction;
+}
+
+export function useJsonTools(): UseJsonToolsReturn {
+  const { t } = useI18n(['jsonDiff', 'jsonFormat']);
+  const [pageMode, setPageMode] = useStorageState('jsonTools/pageMode', 'diff', isValidPageMode);
+
+  // Diff inputs
+  const [leftInput, setLeftInput] = useState('');
+  const [rightInput, setRightInput] = useState('');
+  const [debouncedLeft, setDebouncedLeft] = useState('');
+  const [debouncedRight, setDebouncedRight] = useState('');
+
+  // Debounce
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handle = setTimeout(() => {
+      setDebouncedLeft(leftInput);
+      setDebouncedRight(rightInput);
+    }, 250);
+    return () => clearTimeout(handle);
+  }, [leftInput, rightInput]);
+
+  // Parse debounced inputs
+  const parseState = useMemo(() => {
+    const invalidMsg = t('jsonDiff:invalidJson');
+    return {
+      left: tryParse(debouncedLeft, invalidMsg),
+      right: tryParse(debouncedRight, invalidMsg),
+    };
+  }, [debouncedLeft, debouncedRight, t]);
+
+  const leftError = parseState.left.error;
+  const rightError = parseState.right.error;
+
+  const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState<ViewMode>('sideBySide');
+  const [currentDiffIndex, setCurrentDiffIndex] = useState(0);
+
+  // Real-time diff computation
+  const diffResult = useMemo(() => {
+    const { left, right } = parseState;
+    if (left.error || right.error || debouncedLeft.trim() === '' || debouncedRight.trim() === '') {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return diffJson(left.value, right.value);
+  }, [parseState, debouncedLeft, debouncedRight]);
+
+  const total = diffResult?.diffPaths.length ?? 0;
+
+  const handlePrev = useCallback(() => {
+    if (total === 0) return;
+    setCurrentDiffIndex((idx) => (idx - 1 + total) % total);
+  }, [total]);
+
+  const handleNext = useCallback(() => {
+    if (total === 0) return;
+    setCurrentDiffIndex((idx) => (idx + 1) % total);
+  }, [total]);
+
+  const activePath = diffResult && total > 0 ? diffResult.diffPaths[currentDiffIndex] : undefined;
+
+  // Convert functions
+  const yamlConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
+    const r = jsonToYaml(text);
+    return { output: r.output, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.outputBytes };
+  }, []);
+
+  const tomlConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
+    const r = jsonToToml(text);
+    return { output: r.output, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.outputBytes };
+  }, []);
+
+  const minifyConvert: ConvertFunction = useCallback((text: string) => {
+    const r = minifyJson(text);
+    return { output: r.minified, originalBytes: r.originalBytes, outputBytes: r.minifiedBytes };
+  }, []);
+
+  return {
+    pageMode,
+    setPageMode,
+    leftInput,
+    rightInput,
+    setLeftInput: (val: string) => {
+      setLeftInput(val);
+      setCurrentDiffIndex(0);
+    },
+    setRightInput: (val: string) => {
+      setRightInput(val);
+      setCurrentDiffIndex(0);
+    },
+    leftError,
+    rightError,
+    viewMode,
+    setViewMode,
+    diffResult,
+    total,
+    currentDiffIndex,
+    handlePrev,
+    handleNext,
+    activePath,
+    yamlConvert,
+    tomlConvert,
+    minifyConvert,
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Jwt/JwtSection.tsx b/src/pages/Jwt/JwtSection.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a11e0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pages/Jwt/JwtSection.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
+import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
+import { stringifyJson } from '@/utils/jwt';
+import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+
+interface JwtSectionProps {
+  title: string;
+  content: unknown;
+  colorClass: string;
+  bgClass: string;
+  borderClass: string;
+}
+
+export default function JwtSection({
+  title,
+  content,
+  colorClass,
+  bgClass,
+  borderClass,
+}: JwtSectionProps) {
+  const { t } = useI18n('jwt');
+  return (
+    <div className={cn('p-4 rounded-xl border border-solid', bgClass, borderClass)}>
+      <div className="flex justify-between items-center mb-2 select-none">
+        <span className={cn('text-xs font-bold tracking-wider uppercase', colorClass)}>
+          {title}
+        </span>
+        <CopyButton
+          text={JSON.stringify(content)}
+          className="h-6 w-6 rounded-md border text-muted-foreground"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <pre className="m-0 p-3 bg-muted/30 dark:bg-muted/10 rounded-lg text-xs font-mono overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap break-all border border-border/50 text-foreground/90 leading-relaxed select-text">
+        {content ? stringifyJson(content) : t('jwt:invalidFormat')}
+      </pre>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Jwt/index.tsx b/src/pages/Jwt/index.tsx
index 6e37771..07aa1cb 100644
--- a/src/pages/Jwt/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Jwt/index.tsx
@@ -1,91 +1,31 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
-import { parseJwt, stringifyJson } from '@/utils/jwt';
-import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
 import TextInputArea from '@/components/TextInputArea';
+import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
+import JwtSection from './JwtSection';
+import { useJwt } from './useJwt';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
-import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
-import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
-
-interface SectionProps {
-  title: string;
-  content: unknown;
-  colorClass: string;
-  bgClass: string;
-  borderClass: string;
-}
-
-const Section = ({ title, content, colorClass, bgClass, borderClass }: SectionProps) => {
-  const { t } = useI18n('jwt');
-  return (
-    <div className={cn('p-4 rounded-xl border border-solid', bgClass, borderClass)}>
-      <div className="flex justify-between items-center mb-2 select-none">
-        <span className={cn('text-xs font-bold tracking-wider uppercase', colorClass)}>
-          {title}
-        </span>
-        <CopyButton
-          text={JSON.stringify(content)}
-          className="h-6 w-6 rounded-md border text-muted-foreground"
-        />
-      </div>
-      <pre className="m-0 p-3 bg-muted/30 dark:bg-muted/10 rounded-lg text-xs font-mono overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap break-all border border-border/50 text-foreground/90 leading-relaxed select-text">
-        {content ? stringifyJson(content) : t('jwt:invalidFormat')}
-      </pre>
-    </div>
-  );
-};
 
 export default function Index() {
   const { t } = useI18n(['jwt', 'jsonFormat']);
-  const [jwtInput, setJwtInput] = useState('');
-
-  // 2. 防抖中转管道：切断高频键盘敲击时的红色语法闪烁
-  const [debouncedInput, setDebouncedInput] = useState('');
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const handle = setTimeout(() => {
-      setDebouncedInput(jwtInput);
-    }, 200);
-    return () => clearTimeout(handle);
-  }, [jwtInput]);
-
-  const handleContextMenuData = useCallback((payload: string) => {
-    const cleaned = payload.replace(/^Bearer\s*/i, '').trim();
-    setJwtInput(cleaned);
-  }, []);
-
-  useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'jwt', onData: handleContextMenuData });
-
-  const result = useMemo(() => {
-    if (!debouncedInput.trim()) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    return parseJwt(debouncedInput);
-  }, [debouncedInput]);
+  const { jwtInput, result, handleChange, handleClear } = useJwt();
 
   return (
     <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 select-none">
       <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
-        {/* 输入终端 */}
         <TextInputArea
           minRows={5}
           maxRows={10}
           placeholder={t('jwt_placeholder')}
           value={jwtInput}
-          onChange={(val) => {
-            const cleaned = val.replace(/^Bearer\s*/i, '').trim();
-            setJwtInput(cleaned);
-          }}
+          onChange={handleChange}
           allowCopy={true}
           showClear={true}
           externalError={result?.error || undefined}
-          onClear={() => setJwtInput('')}
+          onClear={handleClear}
         />
 
-        {/* 解码看板结果展现 */}
         {result && !result.error && (
           <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
-            {/* Header 分区：完美致敬 JWT.io 的鲜艳色彩，同时实现黑夜暗化自适应 */}
-            <Section
+            <JwtSection
               title={t('jwt:headerTitle')}
               content={result.header}
               colorClass="text-[#fb015b] dark:text-rose-400"
@@ -93,16 +33,14 @@ export default function Index() {
               bgClass="bg-[#fb015b]/5 dark:bg-rose-500/5"
             />
 
-            {/* Payload 分区 */}
-            <Section
+            <JwtSection
               title={t('jwt:payloadTitle')}
               content={result.payload}
-              colorClass="text-[#a03aff] dark:text-purple-400" // 针对暗黑模式略微调高对比度
+              colorClass="text-[#a03aff] dark:text-purple-400"
               borderClass="border-[#a03aff]/20 dark:border-purple-500/20"
               bgClass="bg-[#a03aff]/5 dark:bg-purple-500/5"
             />
 
-            {/* Signature 签名区：完全对齐标准的 shadcn 骨架阶度 */}
             <div className="p-4 rounded-xl border border-border bg-secondary/40 shadow-sm">
               <div className="flex justify-between items-center mb-2">
                 <span className="text-xs font-bold tracking-wider text-muted-foreground/90 uppercase">
@@ -120,7 +58,6 @@ export default function Index() {
           </div>
         )}
 
-        {/* 当解析错误时的干净中性引导拦截 */}
         {result?.error && (
           <div className="p-6 rounded-xl bg-muted/30 border border-dashed border-border text-center">
             <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-muted-foreground/80">
diff --git a/src/pages/Jwt/useJwt.ts b/src/pages/Jwt/useJwt.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f65e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pages/Jwt/useJwt.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
+import { parseJwt } from '@/utils/jwt';
+import type { JwtResult } from '@/utils/jwt';
+
+export interface UseJwtReturn {
+  jwtInput: string;
+  result: JwtResult | null;
+  handleChange: (val: string) => void;
+  handleClear: () => void;
+}
+
+export function useJwt(): UseJwtReturn {
+  const [jwtInput, setJwtInput] = useState('');
+  const [debouncedInput, setDebouncedInput] = useState('');
+
+  // 防抖管道
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handle = setTimeout(() => setDebouncedInput(jwtInput), 200);
+    return () => clearTimeout(handle);
+  }, [jwtInput]);
+
+  // 右键菜单数据
+  const handleContextMenuData = useCallback((payload: string) => {
+    setJwtInput(payload.replace(/^Bearer\s*/i, '').trim());
+  }, []);
+
+  useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'jwt', onData: handleContextMenuData });
+
+  // 响应式解析
+  const result = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!debouncedInput.trim()) return null;
+    return parseJwt(debouncedInput);
+  }, [debouncedInput]);
+
+  const handleChange = useCallback((val: string) => {
+    setJwtInput(val.replace(/^Bearer\s*/i, '').trim());
+  }, []);
+
+  const handleClear = useCallback(() => setJwtInput(''), []);
+
+  return { jwtInput, result, handleChange, handleClear };
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/QrCode/components/ParsePanel.tsx b/src/pages/QrCode/components/ParsePanel.tsx
index bd84c56..a0a2aa6 100644
--- a/src/pages/QrCode/components/ParsePanel.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/QrCode/components/ParsePanel.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import TextInputArea from '@/components/TextInputArea';
 import ImageUploader from '@/components/ImageUploader';
-import { useSnackbar } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { useQrCodeContext } from '../contexts/QrCodeContext';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 
 export default function ParsePanel() {
   const { t } = useI18n('qrCode');
-  const { showMessage } = useSnackbar();
   const { parserState, setParserState, handleFileChange, handleClearFile } = useQrCodeContext();
 
   // 全局粘贴事件监听
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ export default function ParsePanel() {
           const file = items[i].getAsFile();
           if (file) {
             handleFileChange(file);
-            showMessage(t('qrCode:imagePasted'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
+            toast.success(t('qrCode:imagePasted'));
           }
           return;
         }
@@ -38,14 +37,14 @@ export default function ParsePanel() {
           const blob = await response.blob();
           const file = new File([blob], 'pasted-image.png', { type: blob.type });
           handleFileChange(file);
-          showMessage(t('qrCode:imagePasted'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
+          toast.success(t('qrCode:imagePasted'));
         } catch (error) {
           console.error('处理 Base64 图片失败:', error);
-          showMessage(t('qrCode:imagePasteError'), { severity: 'error', autoHideDuration: 3000 });
+          toast.error(t('qrCode:imagePasteError'));
         }
       }
     },
-    [handleFileChange, showMessage, t],
+    [handleFileChange, t],
   );
 
   useEffect(() => {
diff --git a/src/pages/QrCode/hooks/useQrCode.ts b/src/pages/QrCode/hooks/useQrCode.ts
index 706cefd..bedf5c3 100644
--- a/src/pages/QrCode/hooks/useQrCode.ts
+++ b/src/pages/QrCode/hooks/useQrCode.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import QRious from 'qrious';
-import { useSnackbar } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import { parseQrCodeFromFile } from '@/utils/qrCodeParser';
 import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import type { QrCodeGeneratorState, QrCodeMode, QrCodeParserState } from '../typ
 
 export function useQrCode(): QrCodeContextValue {
   const { t } = useI18n('qrCode');
-  const { showMessage } = useSnackbar();
 
   const [mode, setMode] = useState<QrCodeMode>('generate');
 
@@ -89,22 +88,22 @@ export function useQrCode(): QrCodeContextValue {
 
         if (result.success && result.data) {
           setParserState((prev) => ({ ...prev, decodedResult: result.data! }));
-          showMessage(t('qrCode:parseSuccess'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
+          toast.success(t('qrCode:parseSuccess'));
         } else {
           const errorMsg = result.error || t('qrCode:noQrDetected');
           setParserState((prev) => ({ ...prev, parseError: errorMsg }));
-          showMessage(errorMsg, { severity: 'error', autoHideDuration: 3000 });
+          toast.error(errorMsg);
         }
       } catch (error) {
         console.error('解析二维码失败:', error);
         const errorMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : t('qrCode:parseError');
         setParserState((prev) => ({ ...prev, parseError: errorMsg }));
-        showMessage(errorMsg, { severity: 'error', autoHideDuration: 3000 });
+        toast.error(errorMsg);
       } finally {
         setParserState((prev) => ({ ...prev, parsing: false }));
       }
     },
-    [t, showMessage],
+    [t],
   );
 
   const downloadQrCode = useCallback(() => {
@@ -114,8 +113,8 @@ export function useQrCode(): QrCodeContextValue {
     link.href = qrCodeDataUrl;
     link.download = 'qrcode.png';
     link.click();
-    showMessage(t('qrCode:qrCodeDownloadSuccess'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
-  }, [qrCodeDataUrl, showMessage, t]);
+    toast.success(t('qrCode:qrCodeDownloadSuccess'));
+  }, [qrCodeDataUrl, t]);
 
   const copyQrCode = useCallback(async () => {
     if (!qrCodeDataUrl) return;
@@ -130,12 +129,12 @@ export function useQrCode(): QrCodeContextValue {
         }),
       ]);
 
-      showMessage(t('qrCode:qrCodeCopySuccess'), { severity: 'success', autoHideDuration: 1000 });
+      toast.success(t('qrCode:qrCodeCopySuccess'));
     } catch (error) {
       console.error('复制二维码失败:', error);
-      showMessage(t('qrCode:copyError'), { severity: 'error', autoHideDuration: 3000 });
+      toast.error(t('qrCode:copyError'));
     }
-  }, [qrCodeDataUrl, showMessage, t]);
+  }, [qrCodeDataUrl, t]);
 
   const handleFileChange = useCallback(
     (file: File) => {
diff --git a/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/index.tsx b/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/index.tsx
index 3b14f78..35dec5f 100644
--- a/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/index.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { Shield, ShieldCheck, MousePointerClick, AlertTriangle } from 'lucide-re
 import { useRightClickRestorer } from './useRightClickRestorer';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 
-export default function RightClickRestorerPage() {
+export default function Index() {
   const { t } = useI18n('rightClickRestorer');
   const { domain, isLoading, isUnlocked, isUnsupported, unlock } = useRightClickRestorer();
 
diff --git a/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/useRightClickRestorer.ts b/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/useRightClickRestorer.ts
index f7abeb4..b215743 100644
--- a/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/useRightClickRestorer.ts
+++ b/src/pages/RightClickRestorer/useRightClickRestorer.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { MessageAction, sendMessageToContent } from '@/utils/messages';
 
 const UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = new Set([
@@ -39,17 +39,10 @@ export function useRightClickRestorer(): UseRightClickRestorerReturn {
         const [tab] = await chrome.tabs.query({ active: true, currentWindow: true });
         const url = tab?.url;
 
-        if (url) {
-          try {
-            setDomain(new URL(url).hostname);
-          } catch {
-            setDomain('');
-          }
-        }
+        setDomain(url ? new URL(url).hostname : '');
 
         if (isUnsupportedPage(url)) {
           setIsUnsupported(true);
-          setIsLoading(false);
           return;
         }
 
@@ -67,7 +60,7 @@ export function useRightClickRestorer(): UseRightClickRestorerReturn {
     void load();
   }, []);
 
-  const unlock = useCallback(async () => {
+  async function unlock() {
     if (isUnsupported) return;
 
     try {
@@ -78,7 +71,7 @@ export function useRightClickRestorer(): UseRightClickRestorerReturn {
     } catch (err) {
       console.error('[RightClickRestorer] Failed to unlock:', err);
     }
-  }, [isUnsupported]);
+  }
 
   return {
     domain,
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/AutoRefreshToggle.tsx b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/AutoRefreshToggle.tsx
index cc21293..6b353fb 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/AutoRefreshToggle.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/AutoRefreshToggle.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * 自动刷新开关组件
+ * 自动刷新开关行
  *
- * 用于 StorageCleaner 页面，控制是否自动刷新存储数据列表。
- * 以卡片形式展示，左侧为标签文本，右侧为 shadcn/ui Switch 开关。
+ * 用于 StorageCleaner 页面的操作区域内（非独立卡片），
+ * 控制清理后是否自动刷新页面。左侧为标签文本，右侧为 shadcn/ui Switch 开关。
  *
  * @example
  * ```tsx
@@ -48,15 +48,14 @@ export default function AutoRefreshToggle({
   return (
     <div
       className={cn(
-        'w-full p-4 rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm flex justify-between items-center',
+        'w-full px-3.5 py-3 border-t border-border flex justify-between items-center',
         className,
       )}
       {...props}
     >
-      {/* Label 与 Switch 通过 htmlFor + id 关联，支持点击文字触发开关 */}
       <Label
         htmlFor="auto-refresh-switch"
-        className="text-sm font-bold text-foreground cursor-pointer select-none tracking-tight"
+        className="text-xs font-bold text-muted-foreground/90 cursor-pointer select-none tracking-wide uppercase"
       >
         {t('storageCleaner:autoRefresh')}
       </Label>
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/CleaningResult.tsx b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/CleaningResult.tsx
index d546d09..7025838 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/CleaningResult.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/CleaningResult.tsx
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export default function CleaningResult({ result, className, ...props }: Cleaning
 
   if (!result) return null;
 
-  const isSuccess = result.success;
+  const isSuccess = result.overallSuccess;
 
   return (
     <div className={cn('w-full', className)} {...props}>
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/OptionItem.tsx b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/OptionItem.tsx
index 18c7fe6..a6c96ee 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/OptionItem.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/OptionItem.tsx
@@ -1,59 +1,63 @@
 import React from 'react';
-import { formatSize } from '@/utils/storageCleaner';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
-// 引入官方的 Checkbox 原子组件
+import type { StorageSizeInfo } from './useStorageCleaner';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 
 interface OptionItemProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
   labelKey: string;
   checked: boolean;
-  size?: number;
-  isCount?: boolean;
+  sizeInfo?: StorageSizeInfo;
   onChange: () => void;
 }
 
 export default function OptionItem({
   labelKey,
   checked,
-  size,
-  isCount = false,
+  sizeInfo,
   onChange,
   className,
   ...props
 }: OptionItemProps) {
   const { t } = useI18n('storageCleaner');
 
+  const sizeValue = sizeInfo?.value;
+  const isCount = sizeInfo?.displayType === 'count';
+
   return (
     <div
       onClick={onChange}
       className={cn(
-        'flex justify-between items-center py-2.5 px-3.5 rounded-xl border cursor-pointer select-none',
+        'flex justify-between items-center py-2.5 px-3.5 rounded-lg border cursor-pointer select-none transition-colors',
         checked
           ? 'bg-primary/5 border-primary/30 shadow-sm'
-          : 'bg-transparent border-transparent hover:bg-muted/70',
+          : 'bg-transparent border-transparent hover:bg-muted/50',
         className,
       )}
       {...props}
     >
-      {/* 左侧数据区域 */}
-      <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 mr-4">
+      <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 mr-3">
         <span
           className={cn(
-            'block text-xs font-semibold leading-tight truncate',
-            checked ? 'text-foreground font-bold' : 'text-foreground/80',
+            'block text-xs font-semibold leading-tight truncate transition-colors',
+            checked ? 'text-foreground' : 'text-foreground/75',
           )}
         >
           {t(labelKey)}
         </span>
 
-        {/* 底部容量大小或计数标识 */}
-        {size !== undefined && size > 0 ? (
-          <span className="block text-[10px] font-mono font-medium text-muted-foreground/80 mt-0.5 tabular-nums">
-            {isCount ? `${size} ${t('storageCleaner:countUnit')}` : formatSize(size)}
+        {sizeValue !== undefined && sizeValue > 0 ? (
+          <span
+            className={cn(
+              'block text-[10px] font-mono font-medium mt-0.5 tabular-nums transition-colors',
+              checked ? 'text-primary/70' : 'text-muted-foreground/70',
+            )}
+          >
+            {isCount ? `${sizeValue} ${t('storageCleaner:countUnit')}` : formatBytes(sizeValue)}
           </span>
         ) : (
-          <span className="block text-[10px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/60 mt-0.5 italic">
+          <span className="block text-[10px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/50 mt-0.5 italic">
             {t('storageCleaner:noData')}
           </span>
         )}
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/StorageOptionsGrid.tsx b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/StorageOptionsGrid.tsx
index 07a4334..f19e36a 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/StorageOptionsGrid.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/StorageOptionsGrid.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import React from 'react';
 import type { StorageCleanerOptions } from '@/types/storage';
+import type { StorageSizeInfo } from './useStorageCleaner';
 import OptionItem from './OptionItem';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 
 interface StorageOptionsGridProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
   options: StorageCleanerOptions;
-  sizes: Record<string, number>;
+  sizes: Record<string, StorageSizeInfo>;
   allSelected: boolean;
   someSelected: boolean;
   onOptionChange: (key: keyof StorageCleanerOptions) => void;
@@ -27,13 +28,13 @@ export default function StorageOptionsGrid({
 }: StorageOptionsGridProps) {
   const { t } = useI18n('storageCleaner');
 
-  const optionKeys: { key: keyof StorageCleanerOptions; isCount?: boolean }[] = [
-    { key: 'localStorage' },
-    { key: 'sessionStorage' },
-    { key: 'indexedDB' },
-    { key: 'cookies' },
-    { key: 'cacheStorage', isCount: true },
-    { key: 'serviceWorkers', isCount: true },
+  const optionKeys: (keyof StorageCleanerOptions)[] = [
+    'localStorage',
+    'sessionStorage',
+    'indexedDB',
+    'cookies',
+    'cacheStorage',
+    'serviceWorkers',
   ];
 
   const handleToggleAll = () => {
@@ -41,22 +42,15 @@ export default function StorageOptionsGrid({
   };
 
   return (
-    <div
-      className={cn(
-        'w-full rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm overflow-hidden',
-        className,
-      )}
-      {...props}
-    >
-      <div className="p-3">
-        <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2.5 items-stretch">
-          {optionKeys.map(({ key, isCount }) => (
+    <div className={cn('w-full overflow-hidden', className)} {...props}>
+      <div className="px-3.5 pt-3.5 pb-2">
+        <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 items-stretch">
+          {optionKeys.map((key) => (
             <OptionItem
               key={key}
               labelKey={`storageCleaner:options.${key}`}
               checked={options[key]}
-              size={sizes[key]}
-              isCount={isCount}
+              sizeInfo={sizes[key]}
               onChange={() => onOptionChange(key)}
             />
           ))}
@@ -65,9 +59,9 @@ export default function StorageOptionsGrid({
 
       <div
         onClick={handleToggleAll}
-        className="border-t border-border flex justify-between items-center px-4 py-2.5 bg-muted/20 hover:bg-muted/50 cursor-pointer select-none"
+        className="border-t border-border flex justify-between items-center pl-3.5 pr-7 py-2.5 bg-muted/20 hover:bg-muted/40 cursor-pointer select-none transition-colors"
       >
-        <Label className="text-xs font-bold text-muted-foreground/90 cursor-pointer">
+        <Label className="text-xs font-bold text-muted-foreground/90 cursor-pointer tracking-wide uppercase">
           {t('storageCleaner:selectAll')}
         </Label>
 
@@ -75,7 +69,7 @@ export default function StorageOptionsGrid({
           checked={allSelected ? true : someSelected ? 'indeterminate' : false}
           onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
           onCheckedChange={(checked) => onSelectAll(checked === true)}
-          className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 rounded border-input data-[state=checked]:bg-primary data-[state=indeterminate]:bg-primary"
+          className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 rounded border-input data-[state=checked]:bg-primary data-[state=checked]:text-primary-foreground data-[state=indeterminate]:bg-muted-foreground/40"
         />
       </div>
     </div>
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/index.tsx b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/index.tsx
index b582639..63b1f28 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/index.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
-import StorageCleanerConfirm from '@/pages/StorageCleaner/StorageCleanerConfirm';
+import StorageCleanerConfirm from './StorageCleanerConfirm';
 import { useStorageCleaner } from './useStorageCleaner';
 import StorageOptionsGrid from './StorageOptionsGrid';
 import AutoRefreshToggle from './AutoRefreshToggle';
@@ -47,37 +47,42 @@ export default function Index() {
   }
 
   return (
-    <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-3.5">
-      <StorageOptionsGrid
-        options={options}
-        sizes={sizes}
-        allSelected={allSelected}
-        someSelected={someSelected}
-        onOptionChange={handleOptionChange}
-        onSelectAll={handleSelectAll}
-      />
+    <div className="p-4 w-full flex flex-col space-y-4 select-none">
+      {/* 操作区域卡片 */}
+      <div className="w-full rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
+        <StorageOptionsGrid
+          options={options}
+          sizes={sizes}
+          allSelected={allSelected}
+          someSelected={someSelected}
+          onOptionChange={handleOptionChange}
+          onSelectAll={handleSelectAll}
+        />
 
-      <AutoRefreshToggle
-        reloadAfterClean={reloadAfterClean}
-        onChange={handleReloadAfterCleanChange}
-      />
+        <AutoRefreshToggle
+          reloadAfterClean={reloadAfterClean}
+          onChange={handleReloadAfterCleanChange}
+        />
 
-      <Button
-        variant="destructive"
-        size="default"
-        onClick={() => setShowConfirm(true)}
-        disabled={isButtonDisabled}
-        className="w-full h-10 font-bold shadow-sm text-sm tracking-wide"
-      >
-        {loading ? (
-          <>
-            <Loader2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
-            {t('storageCleaner:cleaning')}
-          </>
-        ) : (
-          t('storageCleaner:cleanNow')
-        )}
-      </Button>
+        <div className="px-3.5 pb-3.5 pt-1">
+          <Button
+            variant="destructive"
+            size="default"
+            onClick={() => setShowConfirm(true)}
+            disabled={isButtonDisabled}
+            className="w-full h-10 font-bold shadow-sm text-sm tracking-wide"
+          >
+            {loading ? (
+              <>
+                <Loader2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
+                {t('storageCleaner:cleaning')}
+              </>
+            ) : (
+              t('storageCleaner:cleanNow')
+            )}
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
 
       <CleaningResult result={result} />
 
diff --git a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/useStorageCleaner.ts b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/useStorageCleaner.ts
index 5910df4..9b46579 100644
--- a/src/pages/StorageCleaner/useStorageCleaner.ts
+++ b/src/pages/StorageCleaner/useStorageCleaner.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import {
   getSessionStorageSize,
   isRestrictedUrl,
 } from '@/utils/storageCleaner';
-import { MessageAction, sendMessage } from '@/utils/messages';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { toast } from 'sonner';
 
@@ -34,18 +33,22 @@ const DEFAULT_PREFERENCES: StorageCleanerPreferences = {
   selectedTypes: DEFAULT_OPTIONS,
 };
 
+export interface StorageSizeInfo {
+  value: number;
+  displayType: 'bytes' | 'count';
+}
+
 export interface UseStorageCleanerReturn {
-  domain: string;
   error: string;
   isInitializing: boolean;
   options: StorageCleanerOptions;
-  sizes: Record<string, number>;
+  sizes: Record<string, StorageSizeInfo>;
   reloadAfterClean: boolean;
   loading: boolean;
   result: CleaningResult | null;
   showConfirm: boolean;
   setShowConfirm: (show: boolean) => void;
-  totalSize: number;
+  totalBytes: number;
   allSelected: boolean;
   someSelected: boolean;
 
@@ -57,11 +60,10 @@ export interface UseStorageCleanerReturn {
 
 export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
   const { t } = useI18n(['storageCleaner', 'common']);
-  const [domain, setDomain] = useState<string>('');
   const [error, setError] = useState<string>('');
   const [isInitializing, setIsInitializing] = useState<boolean>(true);
   const [options, setOptions] = useState<StorageCleanerOptions>(DEFAULT_OPTIONS);
-  const [sizes, setSizes] = useState<Record<string, number>>({});
+  const [sizes, setSizes] = useState<Record<string, StorageSizeInfo>>({});
   const [reloadAfterClean, setReloadAfterClean] = useState<boolean>(true);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState<boolean>(false);
   const [result, setResult] = useState<CleaningResult | null>(null);
@@ -102,7 +104,6 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
       setError('');
       const url = tab.url;
       const tabId = tab.id!;
-      setDomain(new URL(url).hostname);
 
       const [savedPrefs, cSize, lsSize, ssSize, idbSize, cacheCount, swCount] = await Promise.all([
         storageUtil.get('storageCleaner/preferences', DEFAULT_PREFERENCES),
@@ -122,12 +123,12 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
       }
 
       setSizes({
-        cookies: cSize,
-        localStorage: lsSize,
-        sessionStorage: ssSize,
-        indexedDB: idbSize,
-        cacheStorage: cacheCount,
-        serviceWorkers: swCount,
+        cookies: { value: cSize, displayType: 'bytes' },
+        localStorage: { value: lsSize, displayType: 'bytes' },
+        sessionStorage: { value: ssSize, displayType: 'bytes' },
+        indexedDB: { value: idbSize, displayType: 'bytes' },
+        cacheStorage: { value: cacheCount, displayType: 'count' },
+        serviceWorkers: { value: swCount, displayType: 'count' },
       });
     } finally {
       if (currentRequestId === requestIdRef.current) {
@@ -217,9 +218,9 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
       const cleaningResult = await clearStorage(tab.id, tab.url, options);
       setResult(cleaningResult);
 
-      if (reloadAfterClean && cleaningResult.success) {
+      if (reloadAfterClean && cleaningResult.overallSuccess) {
         toast.success(t('storageCleaner:cleanSuccessReload'));
-        await sendMessage(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: tab.id, delay: 1000 });
+        await chrome.tabs.reload(tab.id);
       } else {
         await loadInfo();
       }
@@ -231,13 +232,10 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
     }
   }, [options, reloadAfterClean, loadInfo, t]);
 
-  const totalSize = useMemo(() => {
-    return (
-      (sizes.cookies || 0) +
-      (sizes.localStorage || 0) +
-      (sizes.sessionStorage || 0) +
-      (sizes.indexedDB || 0)
-    );
+  const totalBytes = useMemo(() => {
+    return Object.values(sizes).reduce((acc, s) => {
+      return s.displayType === 'bytes' ? acc + (s.value || 0) : acc;
+    }, 0);
   }, [sizes]);
 
   const selectionMetrics = useMemo(() => {
@@ -248,7 +246,6 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
   }, [options]);
 
   return {
-    domain,
     error,
     isInitializing,
     options,
@@ -258,7 +255,7 @@ export function useStorageCleaner(): UseStorageCleanerReturn {
     result,
     showConfirm,
     setShowConfirm,
-    totalSize,
+    totalBytes,
     allSelected: selectionMetrics.all,
     someSelected: selectionMetrics.some,
     handleReloadAfterCleanChange,
diff --git a/src/pages/TextStatistics/index.tsx b/src/pages/TextStatistics/index.tsx
index ef96961..3661285 100644
--- a/src/pages/TextStatistics/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/TextStatistics/index.tsx
@@ -1,32 +1,22 @@
-import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import TextInputArea from '@/components/TextInputArea';
-import { formatByteSize, getTextStats } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
-import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
+import { useTextStatistics } from './useTextStatistics';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 
 export default function Index() {
   const { t } = useI18n('textStatistics');
-  const [text, setText] = useState('');
-
-  const handleContextMenuData = useCallback((payload: string) => {
-    setText(payload);
-  }, []);
-
-  useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'textStatistics', onData: handleContextMenuData });
-
-  const stats = useMemo(() => getTextStats(text), [text]);
+  const { text, stats, setText } = useTextStatistics();
 
   const statItems = [
     { label: t('textStatistics:characters'), value: stats.characters },
     { label: t('textStatistics:words'), value: stats.words },
     { label: t('textStatistics:lines'), value: stats.lines },
-    { label: t('textStatistics:bytes'), value: formatByteSize(stats.bytes) },
+    { label: t('textStatistics:bytes'), value: formatBytes(stats.bytes) },
   ];
 
   return (
     <div className="p-4 w-full space-y-4">
-      {/* 文本输入区域 */}
       <TextInputArea
         value={text}
         onChange={setText}
@@ -37,7 +27,6 @@ export default function Index() {
         allowCopy={true}
       />
 
-      {/* 统计结果展示区域 */}
       <div className="grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-3">
         {statItems.map((item) => (
           <div
diff --git a/src/pages/TextStatistics/useTextStatistics.ts b/src/pages/TextStatistics/useTextStatistics.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ca8339
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pages/TextStatistics/useTextStatistics.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { useCallback, useState } from 'react';
+import { getTextStats, type TextStats } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
+
+export interface UseTextStatisticsReturn {
+  text: string;
+  stats: TextStats;
+  setText: (text: string) => void;
+}
+
+export function useTextStatistics(): UseTextStatisticsReturn {
+  const [text, setText] = useState('');
+
+  const handleContextMenuData = useCallback((payload: string) => {
+    setText(payload);
+  }, []);
+
+  useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'textStatistics', onData: handleContextMenuData });
+
+  const stats = getTextStats(text);
+
+  return { text, stats, setText };
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Timestamp/LiveClock.tsx b/src/pages/Timestamp/LiveClock.tsx
index a314758..a75b352 100644
--- a/src/pages/Timestamp/LiveClock.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Timestamp/LiveClock.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { Clock } from 'lucide-react';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
-import { useSnackbar } from '@/components/GlobalSnackbar';
 import type { UnitType } from './constants';
+import { msToUnit } from './constants';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 
@@ -11,42 +12,20 @@ interface LiveClockProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
   onUseNow: (val: number) => void;
 }
 
-const LiveClock = React.memo(({ unit, onUseNow, className, ...props }: LiveClockProps) => {
+export default function LiveClock({ unit, onUseNow, className, ...props }: LiveClockProps) {
   const { t } = useI18n('timestamp');
-  const { showMessage } = useSnackbar();
-  const onUseNowRef = useRef(onUseNow);
 
-  const [currentDisplay, setCurrentDisplay] = useState(() => {
-    const initNow = Date.now();
-    return {
-      rawTime: initNow,
-      text: String(Math.floor(initNow / (unit === 'ms' ? 1 : 1000))),
-    };
-  });
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    onUseNowRef.current = onUseNow;
-  }, [onUseNow]);
+  const [rawTime, setRawTime] = useState(() => Date.now());
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const tick = () => {
-      const rightNow = Date.now();
-      const nextText = String(Math.floor(rightNow / (unit === 'ms' ? 1 : 1000)));
-
-      setCurrentDisplay((prev) => {
-        if (prev.text === nextText) return prev;
-        return { rawTime: rightNow, text: nextText };
-      });
+      setRawTime(Date.now());
     };
-
     const tickId = setInterval(tick, 200);
     return () => clearInterval(tickId);
   }, [unit]);
 
-  const handleUseNow = useCallback(() => {
-    onUseNowRef.current(currentDisplay.rawTime);
-    showMessage?.(t('timestamp:usedSuccess'), { severity: 'success' });
-  }, [currentDisplay.rawTime, showMessage, t]);
+  const text = String(msToUnit(rawTime, unit));
 
   return (
     <div
@@ -61,12 +40,15 @@ const LiveClock = React.memo(({ unit, onUseNow, className, ...props }: LiveClock
       </span>
 
       <span className="flex-1 font-mono font-bold text-foreground text-sm tracking-tight leading-none truncate tabular-nums">
-        {currentDisplay.text}
+        {text}
       </span>
 
       <button
         type="button"
-        onClick={handleUseNow}
+        onClick={() => {
+          onUseNow(rawTime);
+          toast.success(t('timestamp:usedSuccess'));
+        }}
         title={t('timestamp:useNowTooltip')}
         className="flex h-7 w-7 items-center justify-center rounded-md border border-input bg-background text-muted-foreground shadow-sm hover:bg-accent hover:text-foreground focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-1 focus-visible:ring-ring"
       >
@@ -74,14 +56,10 @@ const LiveClock = React.memo(({ unit, onUseNow, className, ...props }: LiveClock
       </button>
 
       <CopyButton
-        text={currentDisplay.text}
+        text={text}
         tooltip={t('timestamp:copyTsTooltip')}
         className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md border"
       />
     </div>
   );
-});
-
-LiveClock.displayName = 'LiveClock';
-
-export default LiveClock;
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Timestamp/ResultView.tsx b/src/pages/Timestamp/ResultView.tsx
index 71087a7..076d01e 100644
--- a/src/pages/Timestamp/ResultView.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Timestamp/ResultView.tsx
@@ -1,119 +1,52 @@
-import React, { useMemo } from 'react';
-import dayjs from '@/utils/dayjs';
+import React from 'react';
 import CopyButton from '@/components/CopyButton';
-import type { UnitType } from './constants';
-import { DATE_FORMAT } from './constants';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
 
 interface ResultViewProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
   result: string;
-  mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts';
-  unit: UnitType;
-  zone: string;
-
   showEmptyPlaceholder?: boolean;
 }
 
-const ResultView = React.memo(
-  ({
-    result,
-    mode,
-    unit,
-    zone,
-    showEmptyPlaceholder = false,
-    className,
-    ...props
-  }: ResultViewProps) => {
-    const { t } = useI18n('timestamp');
-
-    const extraInfo = useMemo(() => {
-      if (!result) return null;
-      const d =
-        mode === 'ts2dt'
-          ? dayjs(result, DATE_FORMAT).tz(zone)
-          : unit === 'ms'
-            ? dayjs(Number(result))
-            : dayjs.unix(Number(result));
-
-      return {
-        relative: d.fromNow(),
-        iso: d.toISOString(),
-        utc: d.utc().format(DATE_FORMAT) + ' UTC',
-      };
-    }, [result, mode, zone, unit]);
-
-    if (!result) {
-      if (!showEmptyPlaceholder) return null;
-      return (
-        <div
-          className={cn(
-            'flex-1 flex items-center justify-center text-sm font-medium border border-dashed border-border/60 rounded-xl py-12 px-4 text-center text-muted-foreground bg-muted/20 min-h-[320px]',
-            className,
-          )}
-          {...props}
-        >
-          {t('timestamp:resultEmpty')}
-        </div>
-      );
-    }
+export default function ResultView({
+  result,
+  showEmptyPlaceholder = false,
+  className,
+  ...props
+}: ResultViewProps) {
+  const { t } = useI18n('timestamp');
 
+  if (!result) {
+    if (!showEmptyPlaceholder) return null;
     return (
-      <div className={cn('flex flex-col w-full', className)} {...props}>
-        {/* 顶部小标签 */}
-        <span className="block text-muted-foreground/90 mb-2.5 text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider uppercase">
-          {t('timestamp:resultLabel')}
-        </span>
-
-        <div className="bg-card text-card-foreground border border-border p-4 sm:p-5 rounded-xl relative mb-3.5 shadow-sm flex justify-between items-center gap-4 focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-ring">
-          <span className="font-mono font-extrabold text-foreground break-all text-xl sm:text-2xl tracking-tight leading-tight select-all tabular-nums">
-            {result}
-          </span>
-          <CopyButton
-            text={result}
-            tooltip={t('timestamp:copyResultTooltip')}
-            className="h-8 w-8 rounded-md shrink-0 border"
-          />
-        </div>
-
-        <div className="bg-muted/40 p-4 rounded-xl border border-border/50 flex flex-col gap-3">
-          {[
-            { label: t('timestamp:relativeTime'), value: extraInfo?.relative },
-            { label: t('timestamp:iso8601'), value: extraInfo?.iso, isMono: true },
-            { label: t('timestamp:utcTime'), value: extraInfo?.utc, isMono: true },
-          ].map((item) => (
-            <div
-              key={item.label}
-              className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:justify-between sm:items-center gap-1.5 py-0.5 border-b border-border/30 last:border-0 pb-2 sm:pb-0 last:pb-0"
-            >
-              <span className="text-muted-foreground font-semibold text-xs shrink-0 select-none">
-                {item.label}
-              </span>
-              <div className="flex items-center justify-between sm:justify-end gap-2 min-w-0 w-full sm:w-auto">
-                <span
-                  className={cn(
-                    'text-xs text-foreground/90 font-medium break-all text-left sm:text-right tabular-nums',
-                    item.isMono && 'font-mono text-[11px]',
-                  )}
-                >
-                  {item.value}
-                </span>
-                {item.value && (
-                  <CopyButton
-                    text={item.value}
-                    tooltip={t('timestamp:copyTooltip')}
-                    className="h-6 w-6 rounded-md border shrink-0 text-muted-foreground"
-                  />
-                )}
-              </div>
-            </div>
-          ))}
-        </div>
+      <div
+        className={cn(
+          'flex-1 flex items-center justify-center text-sm font-medium border border-dashed border-border/60 rounded-xl py-12 px-4 text-center text-muted-foreground bg-muted/20 min-h-[320px]',
+          className,
+        )}
+        {...props}
+      >
+        {t('timestamp:resultEmpty')}
       </div>
     );
-  },
-);
+  }
 
-ResultView.displayName = 'ResultView';
+  return (
+    <div className={cn('flex flex-col w-full', className)} {...props}>
+      <span className="block text-muted-foreground/90 mb-2.5 text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider uppercase">
+        {t('timestamp:resultLabel')}
+      </span>
 
-export default ResultView;
+      <div className="bg-card text-card-foreground border border-border p-4 sm:p-5 rounded-xl relative shadow-sm flex justify-between items-center gap-4 focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-ring">
+        <span className="font-mono font-extrabold text-foreground break-all text-xl sm:text-2xl tracking-tight leading-tight select-all tabular-nums">
+          {result}
+        </span>
+        <CopyButton
+          text={result}
+          tooltip={t('timestamp:copyResultTooltip')}
+          className="h-8 w-8 rounded-md shrink-0 border"
+        />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Timestamp/constants.ts b/src/pages/Timestamp/constants.ts
index ae08b00..6a84613 100644
--- a/src/pages/Timestamp/constants.ts
+++ b/src/pages/Timestamp/constants.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,22 @@
+import type { Dayjs } from 'dayjs';
+import dayjs from '@/utils/dayjs';
+
 export const DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss';
 
 export const ZONES = ['Asia/Shanghai', 'America/New_York', 'Europe/London'] as const;
 
+export type ModeType = 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts';
 export type UnitType = 'ms' | 's';
 export type ZoneType = (typeof ZONES)[number];
+
+const DIVISORS: Record<UnitType, number> = { ms: 1, s: 1000 };
+
+/** Convert milliseconds to display value based on unit. */
+export function msToUnit(ms: number, unit: UnitType): number {
+  return Math.floor(ms / DIVISORS[unit]);
+}
+
+/** Build a dayjs object from a numeric timestamp according to unit. */
+export function dayjsFromTimestamp(ts: number, unit: UnitType): Dayjs {
+  return unit === 'ms' ? dayjs(ts) : dayjs.unix(ts);
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/Timestamp/index.tsx b/src/pages/Timestamp/index.tsx
index e554860..2120708 100644
--- a/src/pages/Timestamp/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/Timestamp/index.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import SwitchButtonGroup from '@/components/SwitchButtonGroup';
 import { ZONES } from './constants';
+import type { ModeType, UnitType, ZoneType } from './constants';
 import LiveClock from './LiveClock';
 import ResultView from './ResultView';
 import { useTimestampConverter } from './useTimestampConverter';
@@ -15,6 +16,16 @@ import {
   SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 
+const MODE_OPTIONS: { value: ModeType; label: string }[] = [
+  { value: 'ts2dt', label: 'timestamp:tsToDate' },
+  { value: 'dt2ts', label: 'timestamp:dateToTs' },
+];
+
+const UNIT_OPTIONS: { value: UnitType; label: string }[] = [
+  { value: 'ms', label: 'timestamp:unitMs' },
+  { value: 's', label: 'timestamp:unitS' },
+];
+
 export default function Index() {
   const { t } = useI18n('timestamp');
 
@@ -42,11 +53,8 @@ export default function Index() {
             <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
               <SwitchButtonGroup
                 value={mode}
-                options={[
-                  { value: 'ts2dt', label: t('timestamp:tsToDate') },
-                  { value: 'dt2ts', label: t('timestamp:dateToTs') },
-                ]}
-                onChange={(newMode) => setMode(newMode as 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts')}
+                options={MODE_OPTIONS.map((o) => ({ ...o, label: t(o.label) }))}
+                onChange={setMode}
                 size="small"
               />
 
@@ -57,7 +65,7 @@ export default function Index() {
                     mode === 'ts2dt' ? t('timestamp:placeholderTs') : t('timestamp:placeholderDate')
                   }
                   value={input}
-                  onChange={(e: { target: { value: string } }) => setInput(e.target.value)}
+                  onChange={(e) => setInput(e.target.value)}
                   className={cn(
                     'font-mono font-semibold h-10 shadow-sm placeholder:text-muted-foreground/60 focus:bg-background',
                     error && 'border-destructive focus-visible:ring-destructive',
@@ -70,16 +78,13 @@ export default function Index() {
               <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-stretch gap-3 w-full">
                 <SwitchButtonGroup
                   value={unit}
-                  options={[
-                    { value: 'ms', label: t('timestamp:unitMs') },
-                    { value: 's', label: t('timestamp:unitS') },
-                  ]}
-                  onChange={(v) => setUnit(v as 'ms' | 's')}
+                  options={UNIT_OPTIONS.map((o) => ({ ...o, label: t(o.label) }))}
+                  onChange={setUnit}
                   size="small"
                   className="sm:w-auto shrink-0"
                 />
 
-                <Select value={zone} onValueChange={(v: string) => setZone(v as typeof zone)}>
+                <Select value={zone} onValueChange={(v: string) => setZone(v as ZoneType)}>
                   <SelectTrigger className="flex-1 font-mono font-semibold h-9 shadow-sm bg-background">
                     <SelectValue placeholder="选择时区" />
                   </SelectTrigger>
@@ -100,7 +105,7 @@ export default function Index() {
           </div>
 
           <div className="p-5 rounded-xl border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm h-full flex flex-col">
-            <ResultView result={result} mode={mode} unit={unit} zone={zone} showEmptyPlaceholder />
+            <ResultView result={result} showEmptyPlaceholder />
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/src/pages/Timestamp/useTimestampConverter.ts b/src/pages/Timestamp/useTimestampConverter.ts
index 31d8be8..7562c85 100644
--- a/src/pages/Timestamp/useTimestampConverter.ts
+++ b/src/pages/Timestamp/useTimestampConverter.ts
@@ -1,39 +1,42 @@
-import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import dayjs from '@/utils/dayjs';
-import type { UnitType, ZoneType } from './constants';
-import { DATE_FORMAT } from './constants';
+import type { UnitType, ZoneType, ModeType } from './constants';
+import { DATE_FORMAT, msToUnit, dayjsFromTimestamp } from './constants';
 import { useI18n } from '@/utils/chromeI18n';
 import { useContextMenuData } from '@/utils/useContextMenuData';
 
 export interface UseTimestampConverterReturn {
-  mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts';
+  mode: ModeType;
   input: string;
   unit: UnitType;
   zone: ZoneType;
   result: string;
   error: string;
 
-  setMode: (mode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts') => void;
+  setMode: (mode: ModeType) => void;
   setInput: (value: string) => void;
   setUnit: (unit: UnitType) => void;
   setZone: (zone: ZoneType) => void;
   handleUseNow: (now: number) => void;
 }
 
+const TIMESTAMP_REGEX = /^\d+$/;
+const MS_TIMESTAMP_MIN_LENGTH = 13;
+
 function isTimestampLike(input: string): boolean {
   const trimmed = input.trim();
-  return /^\d+$/.test(trimmed) && trimmed.length >= 10;
+  return TIMESTAMP_REGEX.test(trimmed) && trimmed.length >= 10;
 }
 
 export function useTimestampConverter(): UseTimestampConverterReturn {
   const { t } = useI18n('timestamp');
-  const [mode, setMode] = useState<'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts'>('ts2dt');
+  const [mode, setMode] = useState<ModeType>('ts2dt');
   const [unit, setUnit] = useState<UnitType>('ms');
   const [zone, setZone] = useState<ZoneType>('Asia/Shanghai');
 
   const [input, setInput] = useState(() => String(Date.now()));
 
-  const conversionPipeline = useMemo(() => {
+  const { result, error } = useMemo(() => {
     const rawInput = input.trim();
     if (!rawInput) return { result: '', error: '' };
 
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ export function useTimestampConverter(): UseTimestampConverterReturn {
       if (isNaN(num)) {
         return { result: '', error: t('timestamp:errors.invalidNumber') };
       }
-      const d = unit === 'ms' ? dayjs(num) : dayjs.unix(num);
+      const d = dayjsFromTimestamp(num, unit);
       if (!d.isValid()) {
         return { result: '', error: t('timestamp:errors.invalidTimestamp') };
       }
@@ -53,19 +56,15 @@ export function useTimestampConverter(): UseTimestampConverterReturn {
         return { result: '', error: t('timestamp:errors.invalidFormat') };
       }
       const ms = d.valueOf();
-      const outputTs = unit === 'ms' ? String(ms) : String(Math.floor(ms / 1000));
-      return { result: outputTs, error: '' };
+      return { result: String(msToUnit(ms, unit)), error: '' };
     }
   }, [input, mode, unit, zone, t]);
 
-  const { result, error } = conversionPipeline;
-
-  const handleContextMenuData = useCallback((payload: string) => {
+  const handleContextMenuData = (payload: string) => {
     const trimmed = payload.trim();
     if (isTimestampLike(trimmed)) {
       setMode('ts2dt');
-      const detectedUnit: UnitType = trimmed.length >= 13 ? 'ms' : 's';
-      setUnit(detectedUnit);
+      setUnit(trimmed.length >= MS_TIMESTAMP_MIN_LENGTH ? 'ms' : 's');
       setInput(trimmed);
     } else {
       const d = dayjs(trimmed);
@@ -77,30 +76,24 @@ export function useTimestampConverter(): UseTimestampConverterReturn {
         setInput(trimmed);
       }
     }
-  }, []);
+  };
 
   useContextMenuData({ featureKey: 'timestamp', onData: handleContextMenuData });
 
-  const handleUseNow = useCallback(
-    (now: number) => {
-      if (mode === 'ts2dt') {
-        setInput(String(unit === 'ms' ? now : Math.floor(now / 1000)));
-      } else {
-        setInput(dayjs(now).tz(zone).format(DATE_FORMAT));
-      }
-    },
-    [mode, unit, zone],
-  );
+  const handleUseNow = (now: number) => {
+    if (mode === 'ts2dt') {
+      setInput(String(msToUnit(now, unit)));
+    } else {
+      setInput(dayjs(now).tz(zone).format(DATE_FORMAT));
+    }
+  };
 
-  const handleSetMode = useCallback(
-    (newMode: 'ts2dt' | 'dt2ts') => {
-      setMode(newMode);
-      if (result && !error) {
-        setInput(result);
-      }
-    },
-    [result, error],
-  );
+  const handleSetMode = (newMode: ModeType) => {
+    setMode(newMode);
+    if (result && !error) {
+      setInput(result);
+    }
+  };
 
   return {
     mode,
diff --git a/src/providers/ThemeModeProvider.tsx b/src/providers/ThemeModeProvider.tsx
index 7a7b75c..02b7997 100644
--- a/src/providers/ThemeModeProvider.tsx
+++ b/src/providers/ThemeModeProvider.tsx
@@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  createContext,
-  ReactNode,
-  useCallback,
-  useContext,
-  useEffect,
-  useMemo,
-  useState,
-} from 'react';
+import { createContext, ReactNode, useCallback, useContext, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { browser } from 'wxt/browser';
 import { storageUtil } from '@/utils/chromeStorage';
 
@@ -141,12 +133,11 @@ export function ThemeModeProvider({ children }: ThemeModeProviderProps) {
     }
   }, [resolvedMode]);
 
-  const contextValue = useMemo(
-    () => ({ mode, resolvedMode, setMode }),
-    [mode, resolvedMode, setMode],
+  return (
+    <ThemeModeContext.Provider value={{ mode, resolvedMode, setMode }}>
+      {children}
+    </ThemeModeContext.Provider>
   );
-
-  return <ThemeModeContext.Provider value={contextValue}>{children}</ThemeModeContext.Provider>;
 }
 
 export function useThemeMode(): ThemeModeContextType {
diff --git a/src/types/storage.d.ts b/src/types/storage.d.ts
index 64fe134..f5ab210 100644
--- a/src/types/storage.d.ts
+++ b/src/types/storage.d.ts
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ export type StorageCleanResult =
  */
 export interface CleaningResult {
   /** 整体操作是否成功 */
-  success: boolean;
+  overallSuccess: boolean;
   /** 整体错误信息（如果有） */
   error?: string;
   /** 各项清理的具体结果 */
diff --git a/src/utils/__tests__/messages.test.ts b/src/utils/__tests__/messages.test.ts
index 7468edb..434361c 100644
--- a/src/utils/__tests__/messages.test.ts
+++ b/src/utils/__tests__/messages.test.ts
@@ -34,10 +34,14 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const mockTab = { id: 123, url: 'https://example.com' };
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([mockTab]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual(mockResponse);
-      expect(mockSendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 }, 123);
+      expect(mockSendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK,
+        undefined,
+        123,
+      );
     });
 
     it('应该支持不带数据的消息发送', async () => {
@@ -60,11 +64,11 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => {});
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({ success: false, message: '无法获取当前标签页' });
       expect(consoleSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        '[Messaging] 无法获取当前标签页，无法发送动作: reloadTab',
+        '[Messaging] 无法获取当前标签页，无法发送动作: restoreRightClick',
       );
       consoleSpy.mockRestore();
     });
@@ -73,7 +77,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => {});
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([{ url: 'https://example.com' }]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({ success: false, message: '无法获取当前标签页' });
       consoleSpy.mockRestore();
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const mockTab = { id: 123, url: 'https://example.com' };
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([mockTab]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         success: false,
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const mockTab = { id: 123, url: 'https://example.com' };
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([mockTab]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         success: false,
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const mockTab = { id: 123, url: 'https://example.com' };
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([mockTab]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         success: false,
@@ -138,7 +142,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const mockTab = { id: 123, url: 'https://example.com' };
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockResolvedValue([mockTab]);
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         success: false,
@@ -151,7 +155,7 @@ describe('messages', () => {
       const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'error').mockImplementation(() => {});
       (chrome.tabs.query as any).mockRejectedValue(new Error('Query failed'));
 
-      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB, { tabId: 123 });
+      const result = await sendMessageToContent(MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK);
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         success: false,
diff --git a/src/utils/__tests__/storageCleaner.test.ts b/src/utils/__tests__/storageCleaner.test.ts
index 4b2d6c2..9137a38 100644
--- a/src/utils/__tests__/storageCleaner.test.ts
+++ b/src/utils/__tests__/storageCleaner.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
-import { clearCookies, formatSize, isRestrictedUrl } from '@/utils/storageCleaner';
+import { clearCookies, isRestrictedUrl } from '@/utils/storageCleaner';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
 
 describe('storageCleaner utils', () => {
   describe('isRestrictedUrl', () => {
@@ -48,36 +49,36 @@ describe('storageCleaner utils', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('formatSize', () => {
+  describe('formatBytes', () => {
     it('should return "0 B" for 0 bytes', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(0)).toBe('0 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(0)).toBe('0 B');
     });
 
     it('should format bytes correctly', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(500)).toBe('500 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(500)).toBe('500 B');
     });
 
     it('should format kilobytes correctly', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(1024)).toBe('1.0 KB');
-      expect(formatSize(1536)).toBe('1.5 KB');
-      expect(formatSize(2048)).toBe('2.0 KB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1024)).toBe('1.0 KB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1536)).toBe('1.5 KB');
+      expect(formatBytes(2048)).toBe('2.0 KB');
     });
 
     it('should format megabytes correctly', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(1048576)).toBe('1.00 MB');
-      expect(formatSize(1572864)).toBe('1.50 MB');
-      expect(formatSize(5242880)).toBe('5.00 MB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1048576)).toBe('1.00 MB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1572864)).toBe('1.50 MB');
+      expect(formatBytes(5242880)).toBe('5.00 MB');
     });
 
     it('should format gigabytes correctly', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(1073741824)).toBe('1.00 GB');
-      expect(formatSize(2147483648)).toBe('2.00 GB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1073741824)).toBe('1.00 GB');
+      expect(formatBytes(2147483648)).toBe('2.00 GB');
     });
 
     it('should handle edge cases', () => {
-      expect(formatSize(1)).toBe('1 B');
-      expect(formatSize(1023)).toBe('1023 B');
-      expect(formatSize(1025)).toBe('1.0 KB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1)).toBe('1 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(1023)).toBe('1023 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(1025)).toBe('1.0 KB');
     });
   });
 
diff --git a/src/utils/__tests__/textStatistics.test.ts b/src/utils/__tests__/textStatistics.test.ts
index 308f348..81d4103 100644
--- a/src/utils/__tests__/textStatistics.test.ts
+++ b/src/utils/__tests__/textStatistics.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
-import { formatByteSize, getTextStats } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
+import { formatBytes } from '@/utils/format';
+import { getTextStats } from '@/utils/textStatistics';
 
 describe('textStatistics utils', () => {
   describe('getTextStats', () => {
@@ -49,12 +50,12 @@ describe('textStatistics utils', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('formatByteSize', () => {
+  describe('formatBytes', () => {
     it('should format bytes correctly', () => {
-      expect(formatByteSize(100)).toBe('100 B');
-      expect(formatByteSize(0)).toBe('0 B');
-      expect(formatByteSize(1024)).toBe('1.0 KB');
-      expect(formatByteSize(1024 * 1024)).toBe('1.00 MB');
+      expect(formatBytes(100)).toBe('100 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(0)).toBe('0 B');
+      expect(formatBytes(1024)).toBe('1.0 KB');
+      expect(formatBytes(1024 * 1024)).toBe('1.00 MB');
     });
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/utils/base64Converter.ts b/src/utils/base64Converter.ts
index 7d1828e..54ee1f4 100644
--- a/src/utils/base64Converter.ts
+++ b/src/utils/base64Converter.ts
@@ -213,8 +213,9 @@ export function extractMimeTypeFromDataUri(dataUri: string): string {
 }
 
 /**
- * 格式化文件大小显示（兼容旧接口，内部委托给 formatBytes）
+ * 格式化文件大小显示
  *
+ * @deprecated 直接使用 {@link formatBytes} 代替
  * @param bytes 字节数
  * @returns 格式化后的字符串
  */
@@ -270,12 +271,7 @@ const MAGIC_BYTE_SIGNATURES: ReadonlyArray<{
  * @returns 字节序列
  */
 export function base64ToBytes(b64: string): Uint8Array {
-  const binary = atob(b64);
-  const bytes = new Uint8Array(binary.length);
-  for (let i = 0; i < binary.length; i += 1) {
-    bytes[i] = binary.charCodeAt(i);
-  }
-  return bytes;
+  return Uint8Array.from(atob(b64), (c) => c.charCodeAt(0));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -287,25 +283,11 @@ export function base64ToBytes(b64: string): Uint8Array {
 export function sniffMimeFromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array): { mime: string; ext: string } | null {
   for (const sig of MAGIC_BYTE_SIGNATURES) {
     if (bytes.length < sig.bytes.length) continue;
-    let matched = true;
-    for (let i = 0; i < sig.bytes.length; i += 1) {
-      if (bytes[i] !== sig.bytes[i]) {
-        matched = false;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-    if (!matched) continue;
+    if (!sig.bytes.every((b, i) => bytes[i] === b)) continue;
     if (sig.tail) {
       const { offset, bytes: tailBytes } = sig.tail;
       if (bytes.length < offset + tailBytes.length) continue;
-      let tailMatched = true;
-      for (let i = 0; i < tailBytes.length; i += 1) {
-        if (bytes[offset + i] !== tailBytes[i]) {
-          tailMatched = false;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-      if (!tailMatched) continue;
+      if (!tailBytes.every((b, i) => bytes[offset + i] === b)) continue;
     }
     return { mime: sig.mime, ext: sig.ext };
   }
diff --git a/src/utils/messages.ts b/src/utils/messages.ts
index 476c4bd..b1f9bcb 100644
--- a/src/utils/messages.ts
+++ b/src/utils/messages.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { defineExtensionMessaging } from '@webext-core/messaging';
 
 export enum MessageAction {
-  RELOAD_TAB = 'reloadTab',
   SIDE_PANEL_STATE_CHANGED = 'sidePanelStateChanged',
   CONTEXT_MENU_CLICKED = 'contextMenuClicked',
   RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK = 'restoreRightClick',
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ export interface ContextMenuClickedPayload {
 }
 
 export interface ProtocolMap {
-  [MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB](data: { tabId: number; delay?: number }): MessageResponse;
   [MessageAction.SIDE_PANEL_STATE_CHANGED](data: { isOpen: boolean }): void;
   [MessageAction.CONTEXT_MENU_CLICKED](data: ContextMenuClickedPayload): void;
   [MessageAction.RESTORE_RIGHT_CLICK](data: undefined): MessageResponse & { restored: boolean };
diff --git a/src/utils/rightClickInjection.ts b/src/utils/rightClickInjection.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6645fa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/rightClickInjection.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * 右键解锁功能的主环境注入脚本
+ *
+ * 由于 content script 运行在 Isolated World，无法直接修改网页主环境的
+ * Event.prototype.preventDefault 等原生方法。需要通过 background
+ * 的 scripting.executeScript({ world: 'MAIN' }) 注入此脚本。
+ */
+
+/**
+ * 在网页主环境中执行的注入函数
+ * 注意：此函数会被序列化后通过 executeScript 注入，不能引用外部变量
+ */
+export function mainWorldInjectionScript(): void {
+  'use strict';
+  const w = window as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
+  if (w.__testingToolsRightClickPatched) return;
+  w.__testingToolsRightClickPatched = true;
+
+  const PROTECTED = ['contextmenu', 'copy', 'paste', 'cut', 'selectstart'];
+
+  const _origPreventDefault = MouseEvent.prototype.preventDefault;
+  Object.defineProperty(MouseEvent.prototype, 'preventDefault', {
+    value: function (this: MouseEvent) {
+      const t = this.type;
+      if (PROTECTED.includes(t) || (t === 'mousedown' && this.button === 2)) {
+        return;
+      }
+      return _origPreventDefault.call(this);
+    },
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+
+  const _origStopPropagation = Event.prototype.stopPropagation;
+  Object.defineProperty(Event.prototype, 'stopPropagation', {
+    value: function (this: Event) {
+      if (PROTECTED.includes(this.type)) return;
+      return _origStopPropagation.call(this);
+    },
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+
+  const _origStopImmediatePropagation = Event.prototype.stopImmediatePropagation;
+  Object.defineProperty(Event.prototype, 'stopImmediatePropagation', {
+    value: function (this: Event) {
+      if (PROTECTED.includes(this.type)) return;
+      return _origStopImmediatePropagation.call(this);
+    },
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+
+  let _docOnContextMenu: unknown = null;
+  Object.defineProperty(document, 'oncontextmenu', {
+    get() {
+      return _docOnContextMenu;
+    },
+    set(fn: unknown) {
+      if (typeof fn === 'function') {
+        _docOnContextMenu = function (this: GlobalEventHandlers, e: MouseEvent) {
+          const r = (fn as (this: GlobalEventHandlers, ev: MouseEvent) => unknown).call(this, e);
+          return r === false ? true : r;
+        };
+      } else {
+        _docOnContextMenu = fn;
+      }
+    },
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/utils/storageCleaner.ts b/src/utils/storageCleaner.ts
index bf2591b..1238e07 100644
--- a/src/utils/storageCleaner.ts
+++ b/src/utils/storageCleaner.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import type { CleaningResult, StorageCleanerOptions, StorageCleanResult } from '@/types/storage';
-import { formatBytes } from './format';
 
 const RESTRICTED_PROTOCOLS = [
   'chrome:',
@@ -11,6 +10,16 @@ const RESTRICTED_PROTOCOLS = [
   'data:',
 ] as const;
 
+/** 清理选项的 key 列表（用于遍历结果） */
+const CLEAN_OPTION_KEYS: (keyof StorageCleanerOptions)[] = [
+  'localStorage',
+  'sessionStorage',
+  'indexedDB',
+  'cookies',
+  'cacheStorage',
+  'serviceWorkers',
+];
+
 export async function getCurrentTab() {
   // For popup pages, we need to get the active tab from the browser window that triggered the popup.
   // We should ONLY care about the currently active tab in the last focused window.
@@ -59,129 +68,122 @@ export async function getCookieSize(url: string): Promise<number> {
   }
 }
 
-export async function getLocalStorageSize(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
+/**
+ * 通用辅助：在指定标签页中执行脚本并返回结果
+ *
+ * @param tabId 标签页 ID
+ * @param func 在页面上下文中执行的函数
+ * @param errorLabel 错误日志前缀
+ * @param fallback 执行失败时的回退值
+ */
+async function runScript<T>(
+  tabId: number,
+  func: () => T | Promise<T>,
+  errorLabel: string,
+  fallback: T,
+): Promise<T> {
   try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: () => {
-        try {
-          const encoder = new TextEncoder();
-          return Object.entries(localStorage).reduce(
-            (acc, [k, v]) => acc + encoder.encode(k).length + encoder.encode(v).length,
-            0,
-          );
-        } catch {
-          return 0;
-        }
-      },
-    });
-    return (result?.result as number) || 0;
+    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({ target: { tabId }, func });
+    return (result?.result as T) ?? fallback;
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to get LocalStorage size:', error);
-    return 0;
+    console.error(`Failed to ${errorLabel}:`, error);
+    return fallback;
   }
 }
 
+export async function getLocalStorageSize(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
+  return runScript(
+    tabId,
+    () => {
+      try {
+        const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+        return Object.entries(localStorage).reduce(
+          (acc, [k, v]) => acc + encoder.encode(k).length + encoder.encode(v).length,
+          0,
+        );
+      } catch {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    },
+    'get LocalStorage size',
+    0,
+  );
+}
+
 export async function getSessionStorageSize(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: () => {
-        try {
-          const encoder = new TextEncoder();
-          return Object.entries(sessionStorage).reduce(
-            (acc, [k, v]) => acc + encoder.encode(k).length + encoder.encode(v).length,
-            0,
-          );
-        } catch {
-          return 0;
-        }
-      },
-    });
-    return (result?.result as number) || 0;
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to get SessionStorage size:', error);
-    return 0;
-  }
+  return runScript(
+    tabId,
+    () => {
+      try {
+        const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+        return Object.entries(sessionStorage).reduce(
+          (acc, [k, v]) => acc + encoder.encode(k).length + encoder.encode(v).length,
+          0,
+        );
+      } catch {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    },
+    'get SessionStorage size',
+    0,
+  );
 }
 
 export async function getOriginStorageEstimate(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        try {
-          if (navigator.storage && navigator.storage.estimate) {
-            const estimate = await navigator.storage.estimate();
-            return estimate.usage || 0;
-          }
-          return 0;
-        } catch {
-          return 0;
+  return runScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      try {
+        if (navigator.storage && navigator.storage.estimate) {
+          const estimate = await navigator.storage.estimate();
+          return estimate.usage || 0;
         }
-      },
-    });
-    return (result?.result as number) || 0;
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to get origin storage estimate:', error);
-    return 0;
-  }
+        return 0;
+      } catch {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    },
+    'get origin storage estimate',
+    0,
+  );
 }
 
 export async function getCacheStorageSize(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        try {
-          if ('caches' in window) {
-            const keys = await caches.keys();
-            return keys.length;
-          }
-          return 0;
-        } catch {
-          return 0;
+  return runScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      try {
+        if ('caches' in window) {
+          const keys = await caches.keys();
+          return keys.length;
         }
-      },
-    });
-    return (result?.result as number) || 0;
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to get CacheStorage size:', error);
-    return 0;
-  }
+        return 0;
+      } catch {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    },
+    'get CacheStorage size',
+    0,
+  );
 }
 
 export async function getServiceWorkerCount(tabId: number): Promise<number> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        try {
-          if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
-            const regs = await navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations();
-            return regs.length;
-          }
-          return 0;
-        } catch {
-          return 0;
+  return runScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      try {
+        if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
+          const regs = await navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations();
+          return regs.length;
         }
-      },
-    });
-    return (result?.result as number) || 0;
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to get ServiceWorker count:', error);
-    return 0;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * 格式化字节大小显示（兼容旧接口，内部委托给 formatBytes）
- *
- * @param bytes 字节数
- * @returns 格式化后的字符串
- */
-export function formatSize(bytes: number): string {
-  return formatBytes(bytes);
+        return 0;
+      } catch {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    },
+    'get ServiceWorker count',
+    0,
+  );
 }
 
 export async function clearCookies(url: string): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
@@ -203,148 +205,125 @@ export async function clearCookies(url: string): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
   }
 }
 
-export async function injectClearLocalStorage(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: () => {
-        const count = localStorage.length;
-        localStorage.clear();
-        return { count };
-      },
-    });
-    if (result?.result && typeof result.result === 'object' && 'count' in result.result) {
-      return { success: true, count: result.result.count };
-    }
-    return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
-  } catch (error) {
-    return { success: false, error: String(error) };
+/**
+ * 通用辅助：执行清理脚本并解析结果
+ *
+ * @param tabId 标签页 ID
+ * @param func 在页面上下文中执行的清理函数
+ * @param errorLabel 错误日志前缀
+ */
+async function runCleanScript(
+  tabId: number,
+  func: () => { count: number } | Promise<{ count: number }>,
+  errorLabel: string,
+): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
+  const raw = await runScript(tabId, func, errorLabel, { count: 0 });
+  if (raw && typeof raw === 'object' && 'count' in raw) {
+    return { success: true, count: raw.count };
   }
+  return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
+}
+
+export async function injectClearLocalStorage(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
+  return runCleanScript(
+    tabId,
+    () => {
+      const count = localStorage.length;
+      localStorage.clear();
+      return { count };
+    },
+    'clear LocalStorage',
+  );
 }
 
 export async function injectClearSessionStorage(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: () => {
-        const count = sessionStorage.length;
-        sessionStorage.clear();
-        return { count };
-      },
-    });
-    if (result?.result && typeof result.result === 'object' && 'count' in result.result) {
-      return { success: true, count: result.result.count };
-    }
-    return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
-  } catch (error) {
-    return { success: false, error: String(error) };
-  }
+  return runCleanScript(
+    tabId,
+    () => {
+      const count = sessionStorage.length;
+      sessionStorage.clear();
+      return { count };
+    },
+    'clear SessionStorage',
+  );
 }
 
 export async function injectClearIndexedDB(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        if (typeof indexedDB.databases === 'function') {
-          const databases = await indexedDB.databases();
-          let count = 0;
-          for (const db of databases) {
-            if (db.name) {
-              const dbName = db.name as string;
-              try {
-                await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-                  const deleteReq = indexedDB.deleteDatabase(dbName);
-                  const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
-                    console.warn('IndexedDB delete timeout:', dbName);
-                    resolve(); // Timeout, move to next
-                  }, 5000);
-
-                  deleteReq.onblocked = () => {
-                    console.warn('IndexedDB delete blocked:', dbName);
-                    clearTimeout(timeout);
-                    resolve(); // Blocked, move to next
-                  };
-                  deleteReq.onsuccess = () => {
-                    clearTimeout(timeout);
-                    resolve();
-                  };
-                  deleteReq.onerror = () => {
-                    clearTimeout(timeout);
-                    reject(new Error(`Failed to delete ${dbName}`));
-                  };
-                });
-                count++;
-              } catch (e) {
-                console.error('Delete DB error:', e);
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          return { count };
+  return runCleanScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      if (typeof indexedDB.databases !== 'function') {
+        return { count: 0 };
+      }
+      const databases = await indexedDB.databases();
+      let count = 0;
+      for (const db of databases) {
+        if (!db.name) continue;
+        const dbName = db.name;
+        try {
+          await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+            const deleteReq = indexedDB.deleteDatabase(dbName);
+            const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+              console.warn('IndexedDB delete timeout:', dbName);
+              resolve();
+            }, 5000);
+            deleteReq.onblocked = () => {
+              console.warn('IndexedDB delete blocked:', dbName);
+              clearTimeout(timeout);
+              resolve();
+            };
+            deleteReq.onsuccess = () => {
+              clearTimeout(timeout);
+              resolve();
+            };
+            deleteReq.onerror = () => {
+              clearTimeout(timeout);
+              reject(new Error(`Failed to delete ${dbName}`));
+            };
+          });
+          count++;
+        } catch (e) {
+          console.error('Delete DB error:', e);
         }
-        return { error: 'databases_api_unavailable' };
-      },
-    });
-    if (result?.result && typeof result.result === 'object') {
-      if ('error' in result.result) {
-        return { success: false, error: String(result.result.error) };
       }
-      if ('count' in result.result) {
-        return { success: true, count: result.result.count };
-      }
-    }
-    return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
-  } catch (error) {
-    return { success: false, error: String(error) };
-  }
+      return { count };
+    },
+    'clear IndexedDB',
+  );
 }
 
 export async function injectClearCacheStorage(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        if ('caches' in window) {
-          const cacheNames = await caches.keys();
-          for (const name of cacheNames) {
-            await caches.delete(name);
-          }
-          return { count: cacheNames.length };
+  return runCleanScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      if ('caches' in window) {
+        const cacheNames = await caches.keys();
+        for (const name of cacheNames) {
+          await caches.delete(name);
         }
-        return { count: 0 };
-      },
-    });
-    if (result?.result && typeof result.result === 'object' && 'count' in result.result) {
-      return { success: true, count: result.result.count };
-    }
-    return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
-  } catch (error) {
-    return { success: false, error: String(error) };
-  }
+        return { count: cacheNames.length };
+      }
+      return { count: 0 };
+    },
+    'clear CacheStorage',
+  );
 }
 
 export async function injectUnregisterServiceWorkers(tabId: number): Promise<StorageCleanResult> {
-  try {
-    const [result] = await chrome.scripting.executeScript({
-      target: { tabId },
-      func: async () => {
-        if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
-          const registrations = await navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations();
-          for (const registration of registrations) {
-            await registration.unregister();
-          }
-          return { count: registrations.length };
+  return runCleanScript(
+    tabId,
+    async () => {
+      if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
+        const registrations = await navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations();
+        for (const registration of registrations) {
+          await registration.unregister();
         }
-        return { count: 0 };
-      },
-    });
-    if (result?.result && typeof result.result === 'object' && 'count' in result.result) {
-      return { success: true, count: result.result.count };
-    }
-    return { success: false, error: 'No result returned' };
-  } catch (error) {
-    return { success: false, error: String(error) };
-  }
+        return { count: registrations.length };
+      }
+      return { count: 0 };
+    },
+    'unregister ServiceWorkers',
+  );
 }
 
 export async function clearStorage(
@@ -352,39 +331,32 @@ export async function clearStorage(
   url: string,
   options: StorageCleanerOptions,
 ): Promise<CleaningResult> {
-  const result: CleaningResult = { success: true };
+  const result: CleaningResult = { overallSuccess: true };
 
   if (options.localStorage) {
     result.localStorage = await injectClearLocalStorage(tabId);
   }
-
   if (options.sessionStorage) {
     result.sessionStorage = await injectClearSessionStorage(tabId);
   }
-
   if (options.indexedDB) {
     result.indexedDB = await injectClearIndexedDB(tabId);
   }
-
   if (options.cookies) {
     result.cookies = await clearCookies(url);
   }
-
   if (options.cacheStorage) {
     result.cacheStorage = await injectClearCacheStorage(tabId);
   }
-
   if (options.serviceWorkers) {
     result.serviceWorkers = await injectUnregisterServiceWorkers(tabId);
   }
 
-  // Check if any operation failed
   const failures = Object.values(result).filter(
     (r): r is StorageCleanResult => r?.success === false,
   );
-
   if (failures.length > 0) {
-    result.success = false;
+    result.overallSuccess = false;
   }
 
   return result;
@@ -396,16 +368,7 @@ export function formatCleaningResult(
 ): string {
   const parts: string[] = [];
 
-  const optionKeys: (keyof StorageCleanerOptions)[] = [
-    'localStorage',
-    'sessionStorage',
-    'indexedDB',
-    'cookies',
-    'cacheStorage',
-    'serviceWorkers',
-  ];
-
-  for (const key of optionKeys) {
+  for (const key of CLEAN_OPTION_KEYS) {
     const r = result[key];
     if (r?.success && r.count > 0) {
       parts.push(`${r.count} ${t(`storageCleaner:options.${key}`)}`);
diff --git a/src/utils/textStatistics.ts b/src/utils/textStatistics.ts
index 4cb6f17..ece617b 100644
--- a/src/utils/textStatistics.ts
+++ b/src/utils/textStatistics.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { formatBytes } from './format';
-
 /**
  * 文本统计信息接口
  */
@@ -35,7 +33,7 @@ export function getTextStats(text: string): TextStats {
     const segmenter = new Intl.Segmenter(undefined, { granularity: 'word' });
     const segments = segmenter.segment(text);
     for (const segment of segments) {
-      // isWordLike 为 true 表示该片段是“类词”的（非空格、非标点）
+      // isWordLike 为 true 表示该片段是"类词"的（非空格、非标点）
       if (segment.isWordLike) {
         words++;
       }
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ export function getTextStats(text: string): TextStats {
     // 降级方案：如果不支持 Intl.Segmenter，使用正则匹配英文单词
     // 但对中文支持较差
     const englishWords = text.match(/\b\w+\b/g) || [];
-    const chineseChars = text.match(/[\u4e00-\u9fa5]/g) || [];
+    const chineseChars = text.match(/[一-龥]/g) || [];
     words = englishWords.length + chineseChars.length;
   }
 
@@ -57,13 +55,3 @@ export function getTextStats(text: string): TextStats {
 
   return { characters, words, lines, bytes };
 }
-
-/**
- * 格式化字节大小显示（兼容旧接口，内部委托给 formatBytes）
- *
- * @param bytes 字节数
- * @returns 格式化后的字符串
- */
-export function formatByteSize(bytes: number): string {
-  return formatBytes(bytes);
-}
diff --git a/src/utils/useContextMenuData.ts b/src/utils/useContextMenuData.ts
index 71d353e..8c2b1c1 100644
--- a/src/utils/useContextMenuData.ts
+++ b/src/utils/useContextMenuData.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useEffect } from 'react';
 import { storageUtil } from '@/utils/chromeStorage';
 import type { ContextMenuPendingData, PageType } from '@/types/storage';
 
@@ -23,44 +23,58 @@ export interface UseContextMenuDataOptions {
  * 3. Hook 会自动从 storage 中读取并消费匹配的数据
  */
 export function useContextMenuData({ featureKey, onData }: UseContextMenuDataOptions): void {
-  const checkAndConsumeData = useCallback(async () => {
-    try {
-      const data = await storageUtil.get(STORAGE_KEY, undefined);
-
-      if (!data) return;
-
-      if (data.featureKey !== featureKey) return;
-
-      if (Date.now() - data.timestamp > CONTEXT_MENU_DATA_EXPIRY_MS) {
-        await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
-        return;
-      }
-
-      await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
-
-      onData(data.payload);
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error('[useContextMenuData] 处理右键菜单数据失败:', error);
-    }
-  }, [featureKey, onData]);
-
   useEffect(() => {
-    checkAndConsumeData();
-  }, [checkAndConsumeData]);
+    const checkAndConsumeData = async () => {
+      try {
+        const data = await storageUtil.get(STORAGE_KEY, undefined);
+
+        if (!data) return;
+
+        if (data.featureKey !== featureKey) return;
+
+        if (Date.now() - data.timestamp > CONTEXT_MENU_DATA_EXPIRY_MS) {
+          await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
+
+        onData(data.payload);
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error('[useContextMenuData] 处理右键菜单数据失败:', error);
+      }
+    };
+
+    void checkAndConsumeData();
+  }, [featureKey, onData]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleStorageChange = (changes: { [key: string]: chrome.storage.StorageChange }) => {
       if (changes[STORAGE_KEY]) {
         const newData = changes[STORAGE_KEY].newValue as ContextMenuPendingData | null;
         if (newData && newData.featureKey === featureKey) {
-          checkAndConsumeData();
+          void (async () => {
+            try {
+              const data = await storageUtil.get(STORAGE_KEY, undefined);
+              if (!data) return;
+              if (data.featureKey !== featureKey) return;
+              if (Date.now() - data.timestamp > CONTEXT_MENU_DATA_EXPIRY_MS) {
+                await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
+                return;
+              }
+              await storageUtil.remove(STORAGE_KEY);
+              onData(data.payload);
+            } catch (error) {
+              console.error('[useContextMenuData] 处理右键菜单数据失败:', error);
+            }
+          })();
         }
       }
     };
 
     chrome.storage.onChanged.addListener(handleStorageChange);
     return () => chrome.storage.onChanged.removeListener(handleStorageChange);
-  }, [featureKey, checkAndConsumeData]);
+  }, [featureKey, onData]);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/vitest.setup.ts b/vitest.setup.ts
index 97bef60..a2bae5d 100644
--- a/vitest.setup.ts
+++ b/vitest.setup.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 import '@testing-library/jest-dom';
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest';
 import React from 'react';
+import zhMessages from './public/_locales/zh/messages.json';
 
-// Load actual zh translations for getMessage mock
-const zhMessages: Record<string, { message: string }> =
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-require-imports
-  require('./public/_locales/zh/messages.json');
+// Type assertion to allow string indexing
+const zhMessagesMap = zhMessages as Record<string, { message: string }>;
 
 vi.mock('@/utils/chromeI18n', () => ({
   useI18n: (ns?: string | string[]) => ({
@@ -16,13 +15,13 @@ vi.mock('@/utils/chromeI18n', () => ({
         msgId = key.replace(':', '_').replace(/\./g, '_');
       }
       // Try direct key first
-      if (zhMessages[msgId]) return zhMessages[msgId].message;
+      if (zhMessagesMap[msgId]) return zhMessagesMap[msgId].message;
       // Try namespace prefix (using converted msgId)
       if (ns) {
         const namespaces = Array.isArray(ns) ? ns : [ns];
         for (const n of namespaces) {
           const candidate = `${n}_${msgId}`;
-          if (zhMessages[candidate]) return zhMessages[candidate].message;
+          if (zhMessagesMap[candidate]) return zhMessagesMap[candidate].message;
         }
       }
       return msgId;
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ vi.mock('@/utils/chromeI18n', () => ({
     },
     isLoaded: true,
   }),
-  getMessage: (msgId: string) => zhMessages[msgId]?.message ?? msgId,
+  getMessage: (msgId: string) => zhMessagesMap[msgId]?.message ?? msgId,
   getLanguage: () => 'zh',
   preloadNamespaces: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
 }));
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ const webExtensionMock = {
     get: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({}),
     sendMessage: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
     create: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({}),
-    reload: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined), // ✅ 承接 MessageAction.RELOAD_TAB 刷新单元测试
+    reload: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
   },
   runtime: {
     id: 'test-extension-id',
@@ -202,7 +201,6 @@ afterEach(() => {
   vi.restoreAllMocks();
 });
 
-// 全局 matchMedia 极客级环境模拟（ThemeModeProvider 依赖）
 beforeEach(() => {
   Object.defineProperty(window, 'matchMedia', {
     writable: true,